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Windows Volume Manager EUVDEUVD-2026-99627

| CVE-2026-85928 CRITICAL
Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122)
2026-10-13 secure@microsoft.com GHSA-65xr-mvjg-5p5w
9.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach Volume Manager driver over network
  2. Delivery
    Send crafted malformed input
  3. Exploit
    Trigger heap buffer overflow (CWE-122)
  4. Execution
    Corrupt kernel heap structures
  5. Impact
    Execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Heap buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to reach and send malicious input to the Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver; the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) indicates no authentication and no user interaction against affected default Windows installations. The practical limiting factor is the network-exposure path: a kernel volume/storage driver is not inherently internet-facing, so real-world exploitation likely depends on a specific service, protocol handler, or remote feature that forwards data to the driver - this exact reachable surface is not stated in the advisory and should be confirmed with Microsoft. Systems are limited to the enumerated vulnerable builds; patched builds (e.g., Windows 11 24H2 at or above 10.0.26100.9711, Server 2025 at or above 10.0.26100.33650) are not affected.

Impact

Multiple signals point to high priority, but they are not fully aligned. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) describes unauthenticated, low-complexity, network-reachable remote code execution with total CIA impact (C:H/I:H/A:H), yielding a base score of 9.8 - worst-case on paper. CISA's SSVC framework corroborates maximum severity on two axes (Automatable: yes, Technical Impact: total), meaning a reliable exploit could be scripted for mass use. However, the SSVC Exploitation value is 'none', there is no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC is referenced, so this is a no-public-exploit-identified situation rather than active exploitation. A notable tension exists between the CVSS AV:N label and the nature of the component: the Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver is a low-level storage/volume driver not obviously exposed to the network, so 'execute code over a network' warrants verification of the exact remote-reachable path with Microsoft - the network vector may depend on a specific service or protocol fronting the driver. No EPSS score was provided, so statistical exploitation probability cannot be weighed. Net: treat as a top-tier patch priority given ubiquity and vendor-confirmed remote RCE, while recognizing that real-world exploitation has not yet been observed and the remote reachability mechanism is underspecified.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote, unauthenticated attacker sends crafted data that reaches the Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver and triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122), corrupting kernel heap memory to achieve arbitrary code execution. Because the CVSS vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N and SSVC marks the issue automatable with total technical impact, a working exploit could be scripted for broad reuse. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, so this scenario is based on the vector and vulnerability class rather than an observed exploit.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.6% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver lets an unauthenticated remote attacker execute code in kernel context on affected default Windows installations, scoring CVSS 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). Microsoft has released a vendor patch, and CISA's SSVC assessment rates the flaw as automatable with total technical impact, but no exploitation has been observed and no public exploit code exists - so the practical risk hinges on whether a reachable network path to the driver actually exists, since a storage/volume driver is not inherently internet-facing. Every supported Windows client and server branch from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H2, plus Server 2012 through Server 2025, is enumerated as affected below the fixed build numbers.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: apply the Microsoft cumulative update that brings each branch to its fixed build - Windows 10 1607/Server 2016 to 10.0.14393.9612, Windows 10 1809/Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.9376, Windows 10 21H2/22H2 to 10.0.19044.7807, Windows 11 23H2 to 10.0.22631.7652, Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.9711, Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33650, Windows 11 25H2 to 10.0.26200.9711, Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.3231, Windows 11 26H2 to 10.0.26300.9711, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5761, Windows Server 2012 to 6.2.9200.26434 and Windows Server 2012 R2 to 6.3.9600.23470, following the guidance at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85928. Because the vulnerable component is a kernel volume/storage driver rather than a listening service, the effective interim control is reachability reduction while patching is staged: block or tightly scope SMB (TCP 445), RPC endpoint mapper (TCP 135) and dynamic RPC ranges, WinRM (5985/5986), and any backup/storage-management agents or remote volume-management tooling that can feed volume metadata into the driver, restricting them to trusted management subnets - the trade-off is loss or degradation of centralized backup, remote administration and dynamic-disk management until the patch is applied. Disabling unused remote storage/dynamic-disk features and removing unnecessary disk-management privileges from non-administrative users reduces exposure but does not eliminate the flaw, and since the CVSS vector indicates PR:N/UI:N there is no meaningful authentication or user-interaction workaround. Given SSVC 'Automatable: yes' with total technical impact, treat patch deployment as time-critical and prioritize internet-adjacent and storage-server roles first; there is no vendor-confirmed evidence of exploitation to date, so emergency IR is not indicated, but monitoring for unexpected kernel pool corruption, bugchecks or anomalous storage-driver activity on unpatched hosts is prudent.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver (volmgrx.sys), the kernel-mode component that extends the basic Volume Manager to handle volume enumeration, partition/volume metadata and dynamic-disk layout operations on behalf of the storage stack. Because the vulnerable code runs in kernel mode, a successful heap overflow corrupts pool memory that can be shaped into controlled writes, which is why the CVSS impact triad is uniformly High (C:H/I:H/A:H) and CISA's SSVC rates technical impact as total; the assessed vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N indicates the defect is reachable with no authentication and no user interaction against default configurations, and the SSVC 'Automatable: yes' rating means an exploit, if one existed, could be retargeted at scale. The central technical caveat is that a volume/storage driver is not a listening service: remote reachability depends on an intermediate service, protocol handler or remote-management feature that forwards attacker-supplied volume or storage metadata into the driver, and the provided advisory does not name that surface. CWE-122 distinguishes this from a simple stack overflow - exploitation requires heap grooming and careful manipulation of adjacent pool allocations, which raises exploit reliability requirements even though the primitive itself is severe.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
ENISA EUVD HIGH
vuln.today AI 9.8 CRITICAL

Vendor describes unauthenticated remote code execution (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N), and a kernel driver heap overflow yielding code execution gives total C/I/A; AC:L absent evidence of special timing conditions.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
CRITICAL 9.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A critical flaw in Microsoft's Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver could let an unauthenticated remote attacker execute code in kernel context across virtually all supported Windows client and server versions, putting endpoints and servers at risk of full compromise if a reachable network path to the driver exists. Microsoft has released a vendor patch, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis or active exploitation has been observed, so leadership should prioritize disciplined patch deployment and exposure assessment across the Windows estate.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.6%
Top 50% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
core Windows OS component across all supported client and server editions
Threat Intel
1
1 sources
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.6%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

55
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +49
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: +5

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A heap overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a buffer allocated in the heap memory region.

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