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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain low-privileged local foothold
  2. Delivery
    Invoke crafted input to Text Services Framework
  3. Exploit
    Trigger use-after-free (CWE-416)
  4. Execution
    Corrupt freed object to hijack execution
  5. Impact
    Elevate to SYSTEM privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires the attacker to already have local, low-privileged code-execution on the target Windows system (PR:L, AV:L) - there is no remote or network-reachable vector. Exploitation involves triggering a use-after-free in the Windows Text Services Framework (the input-method/text-input subsystem loaded in interactive Windows sessions); no user interaction is needed (UI:N) and attack complexity is low (AC:L). The primary limiting factor is the prerequisite valid local foothold or authenticated session: it cannot be exploited by an unauthenticated remote attacker and is relevant chiefly as a post-compromise SYSTEM escalation step, with greatest exposure on multi-user, RDP, or terminal-server hosts. Affected configurations are default installations across supported Windows 10/11 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 builds below the patched versions listed in EUVD.

Impact

This is a credible but not emergency-tier priority. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) describes a local privilege-escalation flaw: the attacker must already be able to execute code on the host with low privileges, so this is a post-compromise escalation primitive rather than an initial-access or remotely-reachable vulnerability. Complexity is low and no user interaction is required, meaning that once a foothold exists the condition is reliably reachable, and the high C/I/A impact (7.8 base) reflects full SYSTEM-level compromise typical of a successful Windows EoP. On exploitation signals: the input provides no CISA KEV listing and no POC indicator, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation - this is not a zero-day based on available data. No EPSS score was supplied, so widespread-exploitation probability cannot be quantified from the input. The absence of exploitation evidence should be weighed against the fact that Windows Text Services Framework use-after-free bugs are historically attractive to attackers and malware as a reliable local escalation step after phishing or browser exploitation, and that a vendor patch already exists (routine Microsoft Patch Tuesday hardening). Net: patch on normal-to-expedited cadence for endpoints and multi-user/terminal-server hosts; it is not a drop-everything internet-facing emergency because exploitation requires prior local access. One data note: the input Tags include 'Denial Of Service', which is inconsistent with a description and CVSS that both indicate privilege elevation with high integrity/confidentiality impact - treat the EoP framing (confirmed by the description) as authoritative over the DoS tag.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already gained low-privileged code execution on a Windows host - for example via a phishing payload or a browser/application exploit - runs a crafted program that manipulates the Text Services Framework to trigger the use-after-free, corrupting kernel/service memory to execute code at higher privilege and obtain SYSTEM. Because the CVSS vector is local with low complexity and no user interaction, exploitation is reliable once that initial foothold exists. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Local privilege escalation in the Windows Text Services Framework (TSF) allows an attacker who already holds a low-privileged foothold on a Windows host to raise their privileges to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) in the text-input subsystem, scored CVSS 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 builds below the patched revision levels are affected, with the greatest exposure on multi-user, RDP, and terminal-server hosts where low-privileged sessions and higher-integrity processes coexist. No public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis; a vendor patch is available.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: Microsoft addresses CVE-2026-85795 in its monthly cumulative updates by raising affected systems to the fixed build levels listed in EUVD-2026-99507 and the Microsoft update guide (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85795) - for example Windows 10 1607 and Server 2016 to 10.0.14393.9612, Windows 10 1809, Server 2019, and their Server Core variants to 10.0.17763.9376, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5761, Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33650, Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.9711, and Server 2012/2012 R2 to 6.2.9200.26434/6.3.9600.23470; verify the exact build for each SKU against the advisory since the recorded range for Windows 10 22H2 uses the 19044 servicing branch. Because exploitation is local and requires a pre-existing low-privileged session, the highest-value compensating controls are those that shrink the foothold and the privilege gap: enforce least privilege and remove local admin rights, restrict and monitor RDP/RemoteApp and terminal-server logons (ideally via jump hosts and MFA), segment multi-user hosts so untrusted users do not share a session host with privileged work, and apply WDAC/AppLocker in allow-list mode to block untrusted executables - each of which carries operational cost in usability or administration overhead but does not break text input. Disabling or unregistering TSF/IME components is not a viable workaround on interactive endpoints since it degrades or breaks keyboard input and accessibility services, and would need to be scoped narrowly to kiosk or non-interactive server roles if attempted at all. Until patched, prioritize detection of anomalous process-integrity transitions originating from text-input/IME-related processes and treat successful SYSTEM escalation from a low-privileged session as a compromise indicator.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The Windows Text Services Framework (TSF) is the COM-based input-method and text-input infrastructure loaded into interactive Windows sessions; it brokers communication between applications, IMEs, and text-service providers, and runs across process and integrity boundaries, which is why a memory-safety defect in it can be turned into a cross-privilege escalation. The root cause class is CWE-416, use-after-free: the component continues to reference a heap object after it has been freed, and the dangling pointer can be reallocated with attacker-influenced content, yielding controlled memory corruption (tags also flag memory corruption and denial of service as adjacent effects). Because exploitation requires the attacker to already execute low-privileged code on the target (AV:L, PR:L) and no user interaction is needed (UI:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L), this is a post-compromise escalation primitive rather than a remote entry point; there is no network-reachable vector. Any component of the text-input path reachable from a low-privileged interactive session that talks to a higher-integrity TSF consumer is potentially in scope.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

Local-only use-after-free needing an existing low-privileged session (AV:L, PR:L), reliably triggerable without user interaction (AC:L, UI:N), yielding full SYSTEM compromise (C/I/A:H).

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Use after free in Windows Text Services Framework allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A high-severity local privilege escalation flaw in the Windows Text Services Framework allows an attacker who has already gained a low-privileged foothold on a Windows 10, Windows 11, or Windows Server 2012-2025 host to elevate to SYSTEM-level control. The risk is greatest on multi-user, RDP, and terminal-server environments, where a single compromised user session can be leveraged to seize full control of the host and any data or credentials it processes. Leadership should prioritize patching these shared-access systems, as a successful escalation converts a contained endpoint compromise into a full server takeover.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 77% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Core Windows component present across all supported client and server editions
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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