Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain low-priv back-office login
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DeliveryCall File Manager multi() endpoint
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ExploitUpload PHP via new filename or chunks>=2
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ExecutionBypass extension validation
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PersistRequest file in image/data/
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ImpactExecute code as web server
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling File type validation, storage isolation
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Command and Control, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated back-office session with at least 'view-only' privileges (PR:L) - not exploitable pre-authentication. The specific trigger is the File Manager multi() upload endpoint, which skips file-extension validation in two cases: (1) when a new filename is supplied, or (2) when the chunks parameter is set to 2 or higher. The target image/data/ directory must be web-accessible (its default state) so the uploaded PHP can be requested and executed. No user interaction and no non-default configuration are needed beyond possessing the low-privilege account; the main limiting factor is that low-privilege back-office access. |
| Impact | This is a genuine high-priority issue where exploitable. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H, 8.7) is internally consistent with the description: a network-reachable, low-complexity flaw requiring only low privileges (view-only back-office access) that yields full remote code execution - the highest-impact outcome. My independent read agrees with the vendor's severity. However, several exploitation-probability signals are ABSENT: no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC were provided, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' No SSVC decision data was supplied. The dominant limiting factor is the PR:L requirement - an attacker must already possess a valid (even if minimally-privileged 'view-only') back-office account, which sharply narrows the realistic attacker population and makes this more an authenticated-privilege-escalation-to-RCE than an internet-facing pre-auth compromise. Combined with the product's very small deployment footprint (see prevalence), real-world risk is materially lower than the raw 8.7 suggests, though for any exposed NivoCart instance with untrusted back-office users it is a full-compromise vector. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker holding a low-privileged 'view-only' NivoCart back-office account calls the File Manager multi() upload endpoint and either supplies a new filename with a .php extension or sends the upload with the chunks parameter set to 2 or higher, both of which bypass extension validation. The malicious PHP file lands in the web-accessible image/data/ directory, and the attacker then requests its URL to execute arbitrary code on the server. No public exploit code was identified at the time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 20, 2026
Authenticated back-office users of NivoCart (through 2.4.0) holding only view-only privileges can upload and execute arbitrary PHP, turning a low-privilege admin account into full remote code execution on the hosting web server. The flaw is in the File Manager multi() upload endpoint, which skips file-extension validation whenever a new filename is supplied or the chunks parameter is set to 2 or higher, letting a .php payload land in the web-accessible image/data/ directory where it can simply be requested. Exploitation requires a valid low-privileged back-office session and no non-default configuration, there is no CISA KEV entry and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the available data does not name an exact fixed version, so exposure hinges on whether an attacker already holds or can obtain a view-only admin account.
RemediationAI
The available intelligence does not state an exact patched version, so the primary action is to upgrade NivoCart beyond 2.4.0 as soon as a fixed release is published and to monitor https://github.com/nivocart/nivocart/issues/25 for the upstream fix; if the affected files (upload/admin/controller/common/filemanager.php lines 527-562 and upload/admin/controller/common/filemanager_full.php) are patched in a commit before a tagged release, apply that upstream fix and note that a released patched version is not independently confirmed. Until then, the most effective compensating control is to stop the web server from executing scripts in the upload destination: on Apache add php_admin_flag engine off, RemoveHandler .php/.phtml and RemoveType directives for the image/data/ directory, or on nginx use a location ^~ /image/data/ block that denies or forces download of .php files - the trade-off is that any legitimate application code placed in that directory (unusual for an image/data folder) would stop executing. Additionally, harden the endpoint itself by enforcing a strict allowlist of image extensions and MIME types server-side after the rename and chunk-merge steps (the two bypass paths), and where the product supports it, remove File Manager upload rights from view-only or low-privilege roles, since view-only access is sufficient to trigger this flaw. Reduce account-based exposure by restricting back-office access to trusted IP ranges and requiring MFA, at the cost of administrator convenience, and deploy WAF rules that flag multipart uploads to the filemanager endpoint - while recognizing that chunked uploads and new-filename parameters can evade signature-only rules. Finally, audit the contents of image/data/ for unexpected .php/.phtml files and treat any found as a compromise indicator requiring webshell removal, credential rotation and log review.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
NivoCart is a PHP-based e-commerce/shopping cart application; the vulnerable code lives in the administrative back-office File Manager, specifically upload/admin/controller/common/filemanager.php (multi() upload handling, lines 527-562) with a related implementation in upload/admin/controller/common/filemanager_full.php. The root cause is CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type): the multi() endpoint performs extension validation on the incoming upload but bypasses it in two distinct code paths - when the request supplies a new filename for the file, and when the chunks parameter is set to 2 or higher (chunked uploads). Because the destination image/data/ directory is web-accessible in a default installation, a file written there can be fetched over HTTP and interpreted by the PHP engine, completing the code-execution chain. The assessed vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H; vendor CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N, 8.7) confirms the key prerequisites: the attack is network-reachable and requires no user interaction or unusual configuration, but it does require a low-privileged authenticated session (PR:L) with at least view-only back-office rights. Impact is confined to the vulnerable application's confidentiality, integrity and availability (no subsequent-system scope), reflecting a single-hop web shell rather than lateral movement.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network-reachable low-complexity upload needs only a low-privilege back-office account (PR:L, no UI); resulting RCE gives full confidentiality, integrity and availability impact on the same system (S:U).
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
NivoCart through 2.4.0 contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the File Manager multi() endpoint that fails to validate file extensions for new filenames or when chunks parameter is 2 or higher. Attackers with view-only back-office access can upload PHP files to the web-accessible image/data/ directory and execute them for remote code execution.
Technical POC Analysis
Evidence caveat up front: the only supplied source is a one-paragraph CTI digest (gist ichintu/6f6d6a80c56f871cb012c31151e3888f).
Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.
Latest POC
1 public PoC link from github
Sign in to open the public PoC links collected for this CVE.
Executive ViewAI
NivoCart e-commerce deployments running version 2.4.0 or earlier can be fully compromised at the server level by anyone who already holds a view-only back-office account, escalating a low-trust login into arbitrary code execution on the hosting web server. Because these systems typically process customer records and payment-adjacent data, a single compromised or over-provisioned back-office credential extends risk to customer data, transaction integrity, and PCI DSS scope. Leadership should treat this as a privileged-access governance problem as much as a technical one: the exposure is driven by who currently holds low-privilege admin accounts and how well those accounts are controlled.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: restrict and monitor all back-office accounts (particularly view-only and low-privilege users), block or disable the File Manager multi() upload endpoint, deny all PHP execution and .php file requests in the image/data/ directory, move the upload directory outside the web root where possible, deploy WAF rules blocking chunked-upload abuse (chunks >= 2) and executable file extensions, and enable file-integrity monitoring plus alerting on new or modified files in web-accessible upload paths.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Malicious file upload attacks exploit insufficient validation when web applications accept user-provided files.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
Administrative account takeover in NivoCart through 2.4.0 is possible because the forgotten.php password-reset flow deri
NivoCart through 2.5.1 allows unauthenticated attackers to retrieve guest order invoices via the account/order download(
NivoCart through 2.5.1 emits the expected CAPTCHA answer directly into the HTML of protected public forms, so unauthenti
Unauthenticated attackers can disable self-service password recovery in NivoCart through 2.4.0 by sending a GET request
EUVD-2026-83724
GHSA-m76p-p4wh-76x9
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB