Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessIdentify internet-facing Firebox VPN endpoint
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DeliverySend crafted IKE initiation packet to UDP 500
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ExploitTrigger stack buffer overflow in iked parser
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ExecutionCrash iked process
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ImpactAll IPsec VPN tunnels terminated
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The iked process must be running and reachable on UDP port 500 (or UDP 4500 for NAT-T), which is the default operational state on any WatchGuard Firebox with IPsec VPN enabled. No authentication, prior session state, or user interaction is required - the overflow is triggered during the unauthenticated IKE initiation phase before any credential exchange. Exploitation is limited to appliances where the IKE port is reachable from untrusted networks; organizations that block UDP 500/4500 at an upstream firewall or restrict it to known peer IPs reduce but do not eliminate risk. The impact is strictly a denial of service - no confidentiality or integrity compromise is indicated by the CVSS vector or description. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VA:H) confirms remote, unauthenticated, low-complexity exploitation with high availability impact, consistent with an internet-exposed daemon that processes unauthenticated IKE initiation messages before any credential exchange occurs. No EPSS score was provided in the source intelligence, limiting probabilistic exploitation forecasting. The vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog and no public proof-of-concept has been identified at time of analysis, which moderates immediate mass-exploitation risk. However, because iked is internet-facing by design on VPN gateways, the attack surface requires no special positioning - the affected port is the product's intended operating surface. The DoS impact, while bounded to availability, is operationally severe on a perimeter firewall: loss of the iked process simultaneously severs all IPsec tunnels, including remote-access VPN users and site-to-site links, and may require manual intervention to restore. Organizations of any size running WatchGuard Firebox appliances with IPsec VPN exposed to untrusted networks should treat this as a near-term patching priority. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with no prior access or credentials sends a malformed IKEv1 or IKEv2 initiation message - such as a crafted Security Association payload with an anomalous length field - directly to UDP port 500 on an internet-facing Firebox appliance. The iked process copies attacker-controlled data into a fixed-size stack buffer without bounds checking, corrupting the stack frame and crashing the daemon. All active and pending IPsec VPN tunnels terminate immediately, and VPN service remains unavailable until the process is restarted. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 28, 2026
Stack-based buffer overflow in the iked (IKE daemon) process of WatchGuard Fireware OS allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash VPN processing via specially crafted network traffic, causing a denial-of-service condition on affected Firebox appliances. Any Firebox with IPsec VPN exposed to untrusted networks is at risk across an unspecified range of Fireware OS versions. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 with network-accessible, zero-authentication exploitation reflects meaningful operational urgency for perimeter security devices.
RemediationAI
Consult the WatchGuard PSIRT advisory at https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-78010 for the specific patched Fireware OS version - the available intelligence does not include an explicit fix version and one should not be assumed. As an interim compensating control, restrict inbound IKE traffic (UDP port 500 and UDP port 4500) to known, trusted peer IP addresses using upstream ACLs or WatchGuard policy controls, reducing iked's exposure to untrusted sources. Note that IP-based allowlisting is not feasible for road-warrior VPN deployments with dynamic client IPs, and does not protect against attacks originating from compromised trusted peers. Organizations that do not use IPsec VPN on affected appliances should verify whether disabling the iked process is supported without side effects on their configuration.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The iked process implements the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol - the control-plane handshake used to establish and rekey IPsec VPN tunnels over UDP port 500 (and UDP 4500 for NAT traversal). CWE-121 (Stack-Based Buffer Overflow) identifies the root cause as data being written beyond the bounds of a stack-allocated buffer during parsing of inbound IKE messages. On the network-facing IKE parser, this class of flaw arises when input length fields are not validated before memcpy or similar operations into fixed-size stack frames. The resulting stack corruption terminates the daemon, dropping all VPN sessions. The CPE string cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:fireware_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* uses a wildcard version specifier, indicating vendor acknowledgment of broad impact without confirmed version boundaries in the available intelligence.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Remote unauthenticated network exploitation with no complexity; impact is DoS-only so availability is High and confidentiality and integrity are None, scope unchanged.
Primary rating from Vendor (WatchGuard).
CVSS VectorVendor: WatchGuard
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS iked process iallows a remote unauthenticated attacker to create a Denial of Service (DoS) condition in VPN processing by sending specially crafted network traffic.
Executive ViewAI
WatchGuard Fireware OS Firebox appliances contain a remote denial-of-service vulnerability in the IKE daemon that allows unauthenticated attackers to crash VPN processing, directly compromising VPN availability for remote workforce access. Organizations using these perimeter security appliances lack an available vendor patch, extending exposure across an unspecified range of Fireware OS versions. Immediate inventory and interim network controls are essential to prevent VPN service disruptions.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Implement strict network segmentation restricting UDP ports 500 (IKE) and 4500 (IPsec NAT-T) to authorized VPN client subnets; deploy redundant Firebox appliances with active-active or active-passive failover to maintain VPN availability if one appliance experiences iked process crash; enable continuous process monitoring and automated restart policies for iked daemon; maintain enhanced logging of IPsec negotiation failures to detect exploitation attempts.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
A stack-based buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it was allocated to hold.
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
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EUVD-2026-67335
GHSA-hjxc-cxcg-9xjh
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB