Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessGain adjacent network foothold
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DeliveryAccess unencrypted backup storage
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ExploitExtract password hash database
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ExecutionRun offline bcrypt brute-force
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PersistRecover plaintext credentials
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ImpactAuthenticate to Fleet Manager as operator or admin
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
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| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires two sequential prerequisites: (1) the attacker must obtain an unencrypted system backup of the OTTO Fleet Manager instance, which requires either physical access to backup media, access to an unprotected backup storage location on the adjacent network, or a prior compromise enabling backup exfiltration; and (2) the attacker must have sufficient compute resources to run offline brute-force against bcrypt hashes. Exploitation is limited by the Adjacent attack vector - a purely remote internet-based attacker cannot directly reach the backup without traversing network segmentation. The CVSS PR:L metric indicates some level of existing access is required to reach the backup. Exploitation does NOT require interaction with the running application and is entirely offline once the backup is in hand. No special application feature needs to be enabled - the vulnerability is in the baseline credential storage configuration. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 reflects a realistic threat model: AV:A limits exposure to adjacent-network attackers, PR:L requires some existing access level to obtain a backup, and the impact is confidentiality-only (VC:H, VI:N, VA:N), consistent with credential disclosure rather than direct system compromise. No EPSS data was provided in the intelligence feed, and the vulnerability carries no CISA KEV listing and no public proof-of-concept, which collectively suggest it has not yet been observed in active exploitation campaigns. The real-world risk is substantially conditional: an attacker must first obtain an unencrypted system backup, a step that itself requires either physical access, network access to backup storage, or a separate initial compromise. The CVSS Adjacent vector is appropriate given the OT/industrial deployment context of AMR fleet systems. Organizations should prioritize this in environments where backup media is poorly protected or transmitted unencrypted across network segments - the weak hashing transforms what would otherwise be an inert backup file into a practical credential recovery opportunity. SSVC signals suggest Defer-to-Scheduled patching priority absent evidence of backup exfiltration. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with low-level access to the OT network segment hosting OTTO Fleet Manager obtains an unencrypted system backup - for example, from an unsecured NAS share or removable media used during maintenance. They extract the password hash database from the backup and use a GPU-accelerated tool such as Hashcat to crack the bcrypt hashes at a rate substantially faster than a properly tuned cost factor would allow, recovering plaintext credentials for operator or administrator accounts. No public proof-of-concept targeting this specific implementation has been identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 19, 2026
Weak bcrypt work factor in Rockwell Automation OTTO Fleet Manager exposes stored password hashes to accelerated offline brute-force attacks when an attacker gains access to an unencrypted system backup. All versions covered by CPE cpe:2.3:a:rockwell_automation:otto®_fleet_manager:* are affected. An adjacent-network attacker with low-level access who obtains a system backup could recover credentials more easily than a properly configured bcrypt implementation would permit, potentially enabling privilege escalation or lateral movement within the OT environment. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
The primary remediation is to apply any update released by Rockwell Automation that increases the bcrypt work factor to a value meeting current NIST or OWASP recommendations (cost factor 10 or higher for bcrypt). Consult the Rockwell Automation security advisory at https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-us/trust-center/security-advisories/advisory.SD1791.html for the exact patched version. As an immediate compensating control, ensure all system backups are encrypted at rest using strong symmetric encryption (AES-256) and that backup media and storage destinations are access-controlled to prevent unauthorized retrieval - this directly removes the precondition for exploiting the weak hash. Additionally, restrict who can generate or download backups to the minimum necessary operator set. Forced password resets for all accounts after patching are advisable if there is any reason to suspect backups were previously exfiltrated. Note: encrypting backups does not fix the underlying hash weakness but eliminates the attacker's ability to access the hashes offline.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
CWE-916 (Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort) describes situations where a cryptographic hash function is used for password storage but configured with parameters that reduce the attacker's computational burden during offline attacks. bcrypt is a deliberately slow, work-factor-tunable hash function; its security depends on the cost parameter being set high enough to resist GPU- or ASIC-accelerated brute-force. OTTO Fleet Manager, Rockwell Automation's fleet management platform for autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), stores user credentials using bcrypt but with an insufficiently high cost factor. The affected product is identified via CPE as cpe:2.3:a:rockwell_automation:otto®_fleet_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (all versions). The vulnerability is exploitable only after secondary compromise - specifically, acquisition of an unencrypted system backup - meaning it acts as an amplifier of a prior breach rather than a standalone initial access vector.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Adjacent vector and low privileges reflect backup access precondition; confidentiality-only impact matches credential disclosure with no integrity or availability consequence.
Primary rating from Vendor (Rockwell).
CVSS VectorVendor: Rockwell
DescriptionCVE.org
A security issue exists within OTTO® Fleet Manager. The vulnerability stems from the use of an insufficient work factor in the bcrypt password hashing implementation, which could reduce the computational cost required for an attacker to perform offline brute-force attacks against stored password hashes. If an attacker gains access to an unencrypted system backup, the weakly hashed credentials could be more easily compromised.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
EUVD-2026-62694
GHSA-4xvh-cw62-mf4j
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB