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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate to network with low privileges
  2. Delivery
    Reach Netlogon RPC endpoint
  3. Exploit
    Send crafted MS-NRPC requests
  4. Execution
    Trigger use-after-free in netlogon
  5. Persist
    Corrupt privileged memory / hijack execution
  6. Impact
    Elevate to SYSTEM privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already hold low-level privileges (PR:L) and network access to the Netlogon RPC interface of a vulnerable host - i.e. an authenticated position such as a valid domain/machine account able to reach the target's MS-NRPC endpoints. No user interaction is required (UI:N) and attack complexity is low (AC:L). Limiting factors: the attacker must first authenticate and reach the RPC endpoint, so hosts with Netlogon RPC restricted to trusted networks are less exposed; the target must be an unpatched build below the fixed versions listed in the EUVD data; and reliable exploitation of a use-after-free is inherently non-deterministic, consistent with SSVC Automatable:no. This is not remote-unauthenticated: PR:L in the CVSS vector confirms authentication is required.

Impact

The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 8.8) indicates a network-reachable, low-complexity attack that requires only low existing privileges and no user interaction, with total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact - consistent with the SSVC 'total' technical impact rating. However, the other signals temper urgency: SSVC marks Exploitation as 'none' and Automatable as 'no', EPSS is low at 0.62% (46th percentile), there is no KEV listing, and no public POC is referenced. The signals are broadly consistent rather than conflicting: high inherent impact but no evidence of exploitation and non-trivial reliability (use-after-free primitives are often unstable, which aligns with Automatable:no). This is a patch-in-normal-cycle item for most environments but should be prioritized on domain controllers and other exposed servers given Netlogon's privileged role and the very large install base.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already gained a low-privileged foothold on the network (for example a standard domain account or an authenticated machine) sends crafted Netlogon RPC requests to a vulnerable Windows host to trigger the use-after-free and corrupt privileged memory, elevating to SYSTEM-level control. Given AV:N/AC:L/PR:L, this requires network reach and prior authentication but no user interaction; no public exploit code is currently identified, and the unstable nature of use-after-free primitives (SSVC Automatable:no) makes reliable weaponization non-trivial.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.6% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Jul 21, 2026

Privilege escalation in the Windows Netlogon service allows an authenticated network attacker to gain elevated privileges by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server builds, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2025, and was reported by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC currently rates exploitation as none, with a low EPSS of 0.62%.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Jul 14, 2026 - 19:58 CVSS 7.5

Privilege escalation in the Windows Netlogon service allows an already-authenticated, low-privileged network attacker to elevate to higher privileges by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, including Server Core installations. Reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: apply the Microsoft security update that raises each affected build to at least the fixed version listed for its SKU - for example Windows Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.9020, Windows 10 22H2 to 10.0.19045.7548, Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.8875, Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.2525, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5386, and Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33158 - per the MSRC advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50500. Prioritize domain controllers and internet- or lab-exposed servers. As Netlogon is core to domain authentication it cannot simply be disabled without breaking domain functionality, so where immediate patching is not possible restrict RPC/Netlogon (MS-NRPC over the domain controller's RPC endpoints, typically TCP 135 plus dynamic RPC ports) to trusted management networks via host firewall and network segmentation, and tighten monitoring of anomalous Netlogon/RPC traffic and privilege-escalation events; these controls reduce reachability but do not remove the underlying flaw and may impact legitimate authentication if scoped too tightly.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.7548
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7548
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23291
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.8875
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5386
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26226
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.8875
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.2525
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23291
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26226

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7548
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19045.7548
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.8875
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.8875
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.2525
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26226
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23291
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23291
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26226
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5386
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33158
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33158

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 18 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Netlogon is the Windows authentication service (netlogon.dll / the Netlogon Remote Protocol MS-NRPC) responsible for user and machine authentication against domain controllers, secure-channel establishment, and NTLM pass-through validation. The root cause is a use-after-free (CWE-416): the service references a heap object after it has been freed, and by controlling reallocation of that memory an attacker can corrupt state to redirect execution or manipulate privileged data. Because Netlogon runs with high privilege and is reachable over the network via RPC, memory-corruption in this component translates directly into local privilege elevation. The CPE and EUVD data confirm the affected code ships across Windows 10 (1607/1809/21H2/22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY HIGH
NVD 8.8 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CIRCL (temporal) 6.5 MEDIUM
vuln.today AI 8.8 HIGH

Network-reachable Netlogon RPC with low-privilege authentication required (PR:L) and no user interaction; use-after-free yields full host compromise, so C/I/A all High.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
CVSS changed
Jul 21, 2026 - 18:37 NVD
7.5 (HIGH) 8.8 (HIGH)
CVE Published
Jul 14, 2026 - 17:07 nvd
HIGH 7.5

DescriptionNVD

Use after free in Windows Netlogon allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Windows Netlogon, the core authentication service across all major Windows systems and server editions (2012-2025), contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to gain system-level access. Successful exploitation could compromise domain controllers, workstations, and infrastructure, enabling lateral movement across Windows deployments. Organizations must prioritize patching this critical authentication service vulnerability.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.6%
Top 54% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Netlogon ships in every Windows client and server edition
Vendor Action
See Below
Required. The vulnerability documented by this CVE requires customer action to resolve.
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Unlikely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.6%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

45
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +44
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

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