Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessAuthenticate to network with low privileges
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DeliveryReach Netlogon RPC endpoint
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ExploitSend crafted MS-NRPC requests
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ExecutionTrigger use-after-free in netlogon
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PersistCorrupt privileged memory / hijack execution
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ImpactElevate to SYSTEM privileges
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the attacker to already hold low-level privileges (PR:L) and network access to the Netlogon RPC interface of a vulnerable host - i.e. an authenticated position such as a valid domain/machine account able to reach the target's MS-NRPC endpoints. No user interaction is required (UI:N) and attack complexity is low (AC:L). Limiting factors: the attacker must first authenticate and reach the RPC endpoint, so hosts with Netlogon RPC restricted to trusted networks are less exposed; the target must be an unpatched build below the fixed versions listed in the EUVD data; and reliable exploitation of a use-after-free is inherently non-deterministic, consistent with SSVC Automatable:no. This is not remote-unauthenticated: PR:L in the CVSS vector confirms authentication is required. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 8.8) indicates a network-reachable, low-complexity attack that requires only low existing privileges and no user interaction, with total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact - consistent with the SSVC 'total' technical impact rating. However, the other signals temper urgency: SSVC marks Exploitation as 'none' and Automatable as 'no', EPSS is low at 0.62% (46th percentile), there is no KEV listing, and no public POC is referenced. The signals are broadly consistent rather than conflicting: high inherent impact but no evidence of exploitation and non-trivial reliability (use-after-free primitives are often unstable, which aligns with Automatable:no). This is a patch-in-normal-cycle item for most environments but should be prioritized on domain controllers and other exposed servers given Netlogon's privileged role and the very large install base. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who has already gained a low-privileged foothold on the network (for example a standard domain account or an authenticated machine) sends crafted Netlogon RPC requests to a vulnerable Windows host to trigger the use-after-free and corrupt privileged memory, elevating to SYSTEM-level control. Given AV:N/AC:L/PR:L, this requires network reach and prior authentication but no user interaction; no public exploit code is currently identified, and the unstable nature of use-after-free primitives (SSVC Automatable:no) makes reliable weaponization non-trivial. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv2 – Jul 21, 2026
Privilege escalation in the Windows Netlogon service allows an authenticated network attacker to gain elevated privileges by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server builds, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2025, and was reported by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC currently rates exploitation as none, with a low EPSS of 0.62%.
Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
Privilege escalation in the Windows Netlogon service allows an already-authenticated, low-privileged network attacker to elevate to higher privileges by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, including Server Core installations. Reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: apply the Microsoft security update that raises each affected build to at least the fixed version listed for its SKU - for example Windows Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.9020, Windows 10 22H2 to 10.0.19045.7548, Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.8875, Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.2525, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5386, and Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33158 - per the MSRC advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50500. Prioritize domain controllers and internet- or lab-exposed servers. As Netlogon is core to domain authentication it cannot simply be disabled without breaking domain functionality, so where immediate patching is not possible restrict RPC/Netlogon (MS-NRPC over the domain controller's RPC endpoints, typically TCP 135 plus dynamic RPC ports) to trusted management networks via host firewall and network segmentation, and tighten monitoring of anomalous Netlogon/RPC traffic and privilege-escalation events; these controls reduce reachability but do not remove the underlying flaw and may impact legitimate authentication if scoped too tightly.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 18 packages in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Netlogon is the Windows authentication service (netlogon.dll / the Netlogon Remote Protocol MS-NRPC) responsible for user and machine authentication against domain controllers, secure-channel establishment, and NTLM pass-through validation. The root cause is a use-after-free (CWE-416): the service references a heap object after it has been freed, and by controlling reallocation of that memory an attacker can corrupt state to redirect execution or manipulate privileged data. Because Netlogon runs with high privilege and is reachable over the network via RPC, memory-corruption in this component translates directly into local privilege elevation. The CPE and EUVD data confirm the affected code ships across Windows 10 (1607/1809/21H2/22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Network-reachable Netlogon RPC with low-privilege authentication required (PR:L) and no user interaction; use-after-free yields full host compromise, so C/I/A all High.
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionNVD
Use after free in Windows Netlogon allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Executive ViewAI
Windows Netlogon, the core authentication service across all major Windows systems and server editions (2012-2025), contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to gain system-level access. Successful exploitation could compromise domain controllers, workstations, and infrastructure, enabling lateral movement across Windows deployments. Organizations must prioritize patching this critical authentication service vulnerability.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.
Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
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NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB