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netty-incubator-codec-ohttp EUVDEUVD-2026-34311

| CVE-2026-48480 MEDIUM
Missing Cryptographic Step (CWE-325)
2026-06-04 GitHub_M GHSA-r6fj-869h-4f6q
6.6
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Attain on-path relay or relay-transport MITM position
  2. Delivery
    Intercept outbound chunked OHTTP stream
  3. Exploit
    Strip trailing chunks beyond non-final boundary
  4. Execution
    Signal clean outer HTTP body closure
  5. Persist
    Receiver decrypts prefix without error
  6. Impact
    Application processes truncated message as complete

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
ASVS 5.0
V11 - Cryptography Cryptographic step completeness
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to occupy an on-path network position relative to the OHTTP relay: either operating as the OHTTP relay itself (malicious or compromised relay operator) or executing a MITM attack on the relay↔gateway or relay↔client transport layer. The receiving application must use the netty-incubator-codec-ohttp library at a version prior to 0.0.22.Final and process messages conforming to draft-ietf-ohai-chunked-ohttp. Standard external internet access without relay-layer positioning is insufficient for exploitation. Exploitation is further limited by the CVSS E:U modifier, indicating no observed exploitation activity. The attacker does not need authentication credentials to the application itself (PR:N), but the relay-position prerequisite is a non-trivial structural requirement that bounds realistic exposure to supply-chain compromise of the relay, insider threats, or insufficiently secured relay transport.

Impact

The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.6 with AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VI:H, indicating network-reachable, low-complexity exploitation with high integrity impact. However, the description constrains the realistic attacker to an on-path relay position - the OHTTP relay itself, or a MITM on relay transport links - which introduces a practical exploitation barrier not fully captured by AT:N. In OHTTP architecture the relay is always an on-path component by design, which explains the AT:N scoring choice, but external network attackers without relay-layer access cannot exploit this vulnerability. The E:U CVSS exploitability modifier confirms no known active exploitation or public weaponization. There is no CISA KEV listing and no public POC. Real-world priority is moderate: the threat is most relevant to OHTTP deployments using this library where relay operator trust is a concern (malicious relay) or where relay↔gateway transport is not fully secured (MITM). The confidentiality impact is none (VC:N); the risk is message integrity - truncated requests or responses may reach application logic and be processed as complete.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An OHTTP relay operator acting maliciously, or an adversary with MITM access on the relay-to-gateway transport, intercepts a chunked OHTTP message in flight, strips trailing chunks beyond a chosen non-final boundary, and signals clean HTTP body termination to the downstream gateway. The gateway's codec-ohttp library (pre-0.0.22.Final) successfully decrypts the received prefix - producing no error - and delivers the truncated, structurally incomplete message to the application, which may process it as a valid complete request or response. No public exploit code is available at time of analysis (CVSS E:U).

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jun 04, 2026

Truncation of chunked Oblivious HTTP (OHTTP) streams in netty-incubator-codec-ohttp prior to 0.0.22.Final silently passes partial, cryptographically-incomplete messages to the receiving application with no decryption error or exception. An on-path adversary - the OHTTP relay itself or a MITM on the relay↔gateway or relay↔client transport - can cut a legitimate chunked-OHTTP message at any non-final chunk boundary and cleanly close the outer HTTP body, bypassing the cryptographic integrity guarantee the final-chunk marker is designed to provide. No public exploit is identified (CVSS E:U) and no CISA KEV listing exists, but the integrity impact is rated High (VI:H) given that receivers silently accept and may act on structurally incomplete messages.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to netty-incubator-codec-ohttp version 0.0.22.Final, which is the vendor-released patch confirmed by GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-r6fj-869h-4f6q. The fix is implemented in commit 28f977f293591a4e837bd59ceb441f9f70349915 (https://github.com/netty/netty-incubator-codec-ohttp/commit/28f977f293591a4e837bd59ceb441f9f70349915). If upgrading immediately is not feasible, implement application-layer completeness checks that validate received OHTTP message structure before downstream processing - specifically verifying that messages are not unexpectedly truncated relative to their declared content. As a network-layer compensating control, enforce mutually-authenticated TLS on all relay↔gateway and relay↔client transport links to reduce MITM opportunities; this does not fix the missing check but raises the bar for on-path interception. Auditing and restricting relay operator trust is also advisable in high-assurance OHTTP deployments, as the relay itself is a valid threat actor for this vulnerability.

Affected VersionsENISA

netty-incubator-codec-ohttp < 0.0.22.Final

Affected Packages

maven io.netty.incubator:netty-incubator-codec-ohttp fix: 0.0.22.Final
euvd netty_incubator_codec_ohttp fix: 0.0.22.Final

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in maven, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is OHttpVersionChunkDraft.java in the codec-ohttp module of the Netty incubator project (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:netty:netty-incubator-codec-ohttp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), a Java library implementing draft-ietf-ohai-chunked-ohttp - the chunked variant of Oblivious HTTP. OHTTP uses HPKE (Hybrid Public Key Encryption) to encrypt message chunks, where the protocol assigns a cryptographic 'final' marker to the last chunk to signal message completeness. CWE-325 (Missing Required Cryptographic Step) precisely describes the root cause: the parse() method in OHttpVersionChunkDraft.java never checked the isFinal flag on received chunks before returning, meaning the cryptographic termination signal was computed but never validated. The fix (commit 28f977f) introduces a boolean finalChunk flag, sets it when chunkInfo.isFinal is true during parsing, and throws a CorruptedFrameException if completeBodyReceived is true but finalChunk remains false - enforcing the missing cryptographic step.

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 6.6 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Jun 04, 2026 - 20:01 EUVD
CVSS changed
Jun 04, 2026 - 19:22 NVD
6.6 (MEDIUM)

DescriptionCVE.org

The netty incubator codec.bhttp is a java language binary http parser. Prior to version 0.0.22.FInal, the codec-ohttp implementation of draft-ietf-ohai-chunked-ohttp does not verify that a cryptographically-signed final chunk was received before the outer HTTP body terminates. An on-path adversary (the OHTTP relay itself, or any MITM on the relay↔gateway or relay↔client transport) can forward a prefix of a legitimate chunked-OHTTP message-cut at a non-final chunk boundary-and close the outer body cleanly, producing no decryption error and no exception in the receiving application. Version 0.0.22.Final fixes the issue.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 91% exploitable
Threat Intel
1
1 source
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment GHSA CIRCL GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

53
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +33
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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