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Elixir Tesla EUVDEUVD-2026-34014

| CVE-2026-48595 HIGH
Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity (CWE-178)
2026-06-02 EEF GHSA-9m9w-gxf7-rh8m
8.2
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: EEF
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Identify Tesla-based outbound HTTP client
  2. Delivery
    Influence response Location header on a fetched URL
  3. Exploit
    Victim sends request with 'Authorization: Bearer ...'
  4. Install
    FollowRedirects fails case-sensitive filter
  5. C2
    Tesla replays header to attacker origin
  6. Execute
    Capture bearer token
  7. Impact
    Impersonate victim against legitimate API

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Case sensitivity handling
Exploitation Conditions

The target application must (a) depend on elixir-tesla/tesla in the range 1.4.0 to 1.18.2, (b) include Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects in its middleware stack, (c) attach a sensitive header - Authorization or Host - using any casing other than fully lowercase (the RFC 7235 canonical 'Authorization' form, which is the default in virtually all examples and SDKs, triggers the bug), and (d) issue a request whose response chain includes a redirect to a host, port, or scheme controlled or influenced by the attacker. Limiting factors: applications that happen to set headers in lowercase ({"authorization", ...}) are not vulnerable; applications that disable redirect following or only call fixed, trusted endpoints with no attacker-influenced redirect path are not exploitable in practice; and only confidentiality of in-flight credentials is at risk (CVSS VI:N/VA:N) - there is no direct code execution or integrity impact.

Impact

The CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.2 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N) reflects a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated confidentiality-only impact, with the AT:P (Attack Requirements: Present) flag correctly modeling the need for a redirect-triggering condition. Real-world risk is meaningful but bounded: exploitation requires the Tesla-using application to (1) attach an Authorization header in non-lowercase form, (2) enable Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects, and (3) issue a request whose response redirects to an attacker-influenced host. Conditions 1 and 2 are both common defaults - Elixir HTTP-client examples overwhelmingly use 'Authorization' canonical casing, and FollowRedirects is a frequently added middleware - so the residual gate is the redirect itself, which is plausible against any service that performs outbound HTTP to third-party or user-supplied URLs (webhooks, URL previewers, OAuth callbacks pointed at attacker domains, federation clients). No EPSS score, KEV listing, or public POC was provided in the input, and no SSVC decision is available; the exploitation status is therefore no public exploit identified at time of analysis, consistent with this being a recently disclosed library-level credential-leak rather than a mass-exploited internet-facing flaw.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An Elixir service uses Tesla with FollowRedirects to call a third-party API, attaching {"Authorization", "Bearer <token>"} (canonical casing) on each request. The attacker controls or compromises a URL the service fetches - for example, a user-submitted webhook target, an OAuth redirect_uri, a URL-preview unfurler input, or an upstream service the attacker has gained influence over - and returns HTTP 302 Location: https://attacker.example/collect. Tesla follows the redirect and, because the lowercase filter fails to match 'Authorization', replays the bearer token against the attacker's host, where it is captured and used to impersonate the victim service against the legitimate API.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jun 02, 2026

Credential leakage in elixir-tesla (Tesla HTTP client for Elixir) versions 1.4.0 through 1.18.2 allows Authorization and Host headers to be forwarded to attacker-controlled origins during cross-origin HTTP redirects. The Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects component compares header names case-sensitively against a lowercase filter list, so headers using the RFC 7235 canonical casing (e.g., 'Authorization') bypass stripping and reach the redirect target. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the upstream fix is committed and a patched release (1.18.3) is available.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade tesla to 1.18.3 or later (fix commit db963dba67651b9abd1fc420a1d9679cf6efe182, advisory GHSA-9m9w-gxf7-rh8m). Update mix.exs to {:tesla, "~> 1.18.3"} and run mix deps.update tesla. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, the most effective workaround is to remove Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects from the middleware stack and handle redirects manually with explicit per-hop header control - the trade-off is that any client relying on automatic redirect following will break and must be refactored. As a less invasive interim mitigation, normalize all sensitive header keys to lowercase at the call site (e.g., {"authorization", "Bearer …"} instead of {"Authorization", …}), which matches the legacy filter list; the trade-off is that this only covers Authorization and Host (not Cookie, Proxy-Authorization, Referer, Origin, which the patched version also strips) and is easy to regress when new call sites are added. Restricting outbound HTTP to an allowlist of known hosts at the egress proxy layer also limits where leaked credentials can be sent, at the cost of operational overhead for legitimate third-party integrations.

Affected VersionsENISA

Tesla 2d937d5813d7cda5cd726f41824985fb655c920f <db963dba67651b9abd1fc420a1d9679cf6efe182
Tesla 1.4.0 <1.18.3

Affected Packages

euvd tesla fix: 1.18.3

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Tesla is a widely used HTTP client library for the Elixir/Erlang ecosystem, typically embedded in service clients, SDKs, and webhook integrations. The vulnerability sits in lib/tesla/middleware/follow_redirects.ex, where filter_headers/3 used k not in @filter_headers with @filter_headers hardcoded to the lowercase strings 'authorization' and 'host'. Because Tesla preserves caller-supplied header keys verbatim and HTTP header names are case-insensitive per RFC 7230/9110, any header set with non-lowercase casing - including the canonical 'Authorization' form emitted by nearly every HTTP library, documentation example, and SDK - fails the comparison and survives the redirect. This is a textbook CWE-178 (Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity) issue: a security-critical comparison performed on text whose semantics are case-insensitive. The remediation commit (db963db) replaces the membership check with String.downcase(key) in drop and additionally expands the stripped set to cover hop-by-hop headers, Cookie, Proxy-Authorization, Referer, Origin, and request-body metadata on 303 method changes, aligning with RFC 9110 §15.4.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (EEF) PRIMARY 8.2 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (EEF) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: EEF

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

1
CVSS changed
Jun 02, 2026 - 20:22 NVD
8.2 (HIGH)

DescriptionCVE.org

Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in elixir-tesla tesla allows credential leakage to a third-party origin on cross-origin redirects.

Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects strips security-sensitive headers on cross-origin redirects using a case-sensitive string comparison against a lowercase filter list (@filter_headers ["authorization", "host"]). HTTP header names are case-insensitive per RFC 7230, but Tesla preserves header keys verbatim as supplied by the caller without normalizing case. A header set as {"Authorization", "Bearer …"} (the RFC 7235 canonical casing used by virtually all HTTP libraries and documentation) does not match the lowercase filter entry and is forwarded to the redirect destination. An attacker who can control or influence a Location: response seen by the client (via their own endpoint, a redirect-open upstream, or a compromised origin) receives the bearer token or other Authorization material on the cross-origin request.

This issue affects tesla: from 1.4.0 before 1.18.3.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Tesla HTTP client library (used in Elixir applications) versions 1.4.0 through 1.18.2 contains a credential leakage vulnerability that exposes authentication headers during redirects to attacker-controlled endpoints. Organizations running affected Tesla versions risk unauthorized access to backend systems and compromise of sensitive API credentials.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 87% exploitable
Threat Intel
1
1 source
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment GHSA CIRCL GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

61
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +41
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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