Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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ReconIdentify Tesla-based outbound HTTP client
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DeliveryInfluence response Location header on a fetched URL
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ExploitVictim sends request with 'Authorization: Bearer ...'
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InstallFollowRedirects fails case-sensitive filter
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C2Tesla replays header to attacker origin
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ExecuteCapture bearer token
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ImpactImpersonate victim against legitimate API
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Case sensitivity handling
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| Exploitation Conditions | The target application must (a) depend on elixir-tesla/tesla in the range 1.4.0 to 1.18.2, (b) include Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects in its middleware stack, (c) attach a sensitive header - Authorization or Host - using any casing other than fully lowercase (the RFC 7235 canonical 'Authorization' form, which is the default in virtually all examples and SDKs, triggers the bug), and (d) issue a request whose response chain includes a redirect to a host, port, or scheme controlled or influenced by the attacker. Limiting factors: applications that happen to set headers in lowercase ({"authorization", ...}) are not vulnerable; applications that disable redirect following or only call fixed, trusted endpoints with no attacker-influenced redirect path are not exploitable in practice; and only confidentiality of in-flight credentials is at risk (CVSS VI:N/VA:N) - there is no direct code execution or integrity impact. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.2 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N) reflects a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated confidentiality-only impact, with the AT:P (Attack Requirements: Present) flag correctly modeling the need for a redirect-triggering condition. Real-world risk is meaningful but bounded: exploitation requires the Tesla-using application to (1) attach an Authorization header in non-lowercase form, (2) enable Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects, and (3) issue a request whose response redirects to an attacker-influenced host. Conditions 1 and 2 are both common defaults - Elixir HTTP-client examples overwhelmingly use 'Authorization' canonical casing, and FollowRedirects is a frequently added middleware - so the residual gate is the redirect itself, which is plausible against any service that performs outbound HTTP to third-party or user-supplied URLs (webhooks, URL previewers, OAuth callbacks pointed at attacker domains, federation clients). No EPSS score, KEV listing, or public POC was provided in the input, and no SSVC decision is available; the exploitation status is therefore no public exploit identified at time of analysis, consistent with this being a recently disclosed library-level credential-leak rather than a mass-exploited internet-facing flaw. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An Elixir service uses Tesla with FollowRedirects to call a third-party API, attaching |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jun 02, 2026
Credential leakage in elixir-tesla (Tesla HTTP client for Elixir) versions 1.4.0 through 1.18.2 allows Authorization and Host headers to be forwarded to attacker-controlled origins during cross-origin HTTP redirects. The Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects component compares header names case-sensitively against a lowercase filter list, so headers using the RFC 7235 canonical casing (e.g., 'Authorization') bypass stripping and reach the redirect target. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the upstream fix is committed and a patched release (1.18.3) is available.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade tesla to 1.18.3 or later (fix commit db963dba67651b9abd1fc420a1d9679cf6efe182, advisory GHSA-9m9w-gxf7-rh8m). Update mix.exs to {:tesla, "~> 1.18.3"} and run mix deps.update tesla. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, the most effective workaround is to remove Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects from the middleware stack and handle redirects manually with explicit per-hop header control - the trade-off is that any client relying on automatic redirect following will break and must be refactored. As a less invasive interim mitigation, normalize all sensitive header keys to lowercase at the call site (e.g., {"authorization", "Bearer …"} instead of {"Authorization", …}), which matches the legacy filter list; the trade-off is that this only covers Authorization and Host (not Cookie, Proxy-Authorization, Referer, Origin, which the patched version also strips) and is easy to regress when new call sites are added. Restricting outbound HTTP to an allowlist of known hosts at the egress proxy layer also limits where leaked credentials can be sent, at the cost of operational overhead for legitimate third-party integrations.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
Tesla is a widely used HTTP client library for the Elixir/Erlang ecosystem, typically embedded in service clients, SDKs, and webhook integrations. The vulnerability sits in lib/tesla/middleware/follow_redirects.ex, where filter_headers/3 used k not in @filter_headers with @filter_headers hardcoded to the lowercase strings 'authorization' and 'host'. Because Tesla preserves caller-supplied header keys verbatim and HTTP header names are case-insensitive per RFC 7230/9110, any header set with non-lowercase casing - including the canonical 'Authorization' form emitted by nearly every HTTP library, documentation example, and SDK - fails the comparison and survives the redirect. This is a textbook CWE-178 (Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity) issue: a security-critical comparison performed on text whose semantics are case-insensitive. The remediation commit (db963db) replaces the membership check with String.downcase(key) in drop and additionally expands the stripped set to cover hop-by-hop headers, Cookie, Proxy-Authorization, Referer, Origin, and request-body metadata on 303 method changes, aligning with RFC 9110 §15.4.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Primary rating from Vendor (EEF) · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorVendor: EEF
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in elixir-tesla tesla allows credential leakage to a third-party origin on cross-origin redirects.
Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects strips security-sensitive headers on cross-origin redirects using a case-sensitive string comparison against a lowercase filter list (@filter_headers ["authorization", "host"]). HTTP header names are case-insensitive per RFC 7230, but Tesla preserves header keys verbatim as supplied by the caller without normalizing case. A header set as {"Authorization", "Bearer …"} (the RFC 7235 canonical casing used by virtually all HTTP libraries and documentation) does not match the lowercase filter entry and is forwarded to the redirect destination. An attacker who can control or influence a Location: response seen by the client (via their own endpoint, a redirect-open upstream, or a compromised origin) receives the bearer token or other Authorization material on the cross-origin request.
This issue affects tesla: from 1.4.0 before 1.18.3.
Executive ViewAI
Tesla HTTP client library (used in Elixir applications) versions 1.4.0 through 1.18.2 contains a credential leakage vulnerability that exposes authentication headers during redirects to attacker-controlled endpoints. Organizations running affected Tesla versions risk unauthorized access to backend systems and compromise of sensitive API credentials.
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Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-34014
GHSA-9m9w-gxf7-rh8m
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB