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Scout Bobber + Tech EUVDEUVD-2026-33287

| CVE-2026-49323 MEDIUM
Weak Authentication (CWE-1390)
2026-05-29 ASRG GHSA-f65x-w4fq-xj28
4.1
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: ASRG
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Position within RF/wireless range of target motorcycle
  2. Delivery
    Passively capture WCM-ECM seed/key exchange during legitimate owner start
  3. Exploit
    Invert non-cryptographic derivation function to recover persistent immobilizer secret
  4. Execution
    Return to unattended motorcycle
  5. Persist
    Authenticate directly to ECM using derived secret
  6. Impact
    Start engine and steal vehicle

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Strong authentication
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to be in adjacent wireless range of the target motorcycle at the moment the owner performs a legitimate engine-start key exchange (UI:R) - the attacker cannot trigger this exchange themselves. Read access to the in-vehicle network (the WCM-ECM communication channel) is required to passively capture the seed and derived response. The vulnerability is inherent to the non-cryptographic design of the WCM key-derivation function and is therefore present in all 2025 Scout Bobber + Tech units regardless of configuration; no non-default setting is required to be vulnerable. Exploitation is limited by: (1) physical/RF proximity at time of capture - AV:P per CVSS, though adjacent wireless range may be more accurate pending clarification; (2) the requirement for the legitimate owner to perform one key exchange while the attacker is monitoring (UI:R); (3) the attacker must implement or possess the specific reversal algorithm for the undisclosed protocol - technical details are currently withheld, raising the bar for independent rediscovery. Authentication to the ECM using the recovered secret requires no special privileges (PR:N).

Impact

Despite a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.3 (Medium), the real-world risk to vehicle owners is materially higher than the score suggests in the context of vehicle theft. The CVSS vector (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms physical proximity is required (AV:P), attack complexity is low once in range (AC:L), no authentication privileges are needed (PR:N), and user interaction is required (UI:R) - meaning the attacker must be present during a legitimate key exchange (i.e., the owner starting the motorcycle). The C:H impact reflects full recovery of the immobilizer secret. The I:N and A:N scores are technically correct from a CVSS perspective, but the practical integrity impact - ability to start and steal the vehicle - is severe and not captured by the scoring. There is a minor framing tension: the description uses 'adjacent-network attacker with read access to the in-vehicle network' which implies short-range wireless (Bluetooth, RF), while CVSS AV:P implies physical touch-distance; this discrepancy should be verified with the reporter (ASRG) or vendor, as AV:A (Adjacent Network) may more accurately characterize RF-range passive interception. No EPSS score was provided. No KEV listing exists. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis. The absence of a patch and the disclosure by ASRG pending vendor remediation suggest this is in coordinated disclosure phase - exploitation risk will increase if technical details are fully published before a fix is available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker parks near a 2025 Indian Scout Bobber + Tech with a software-defined radio or equivalent in-vehicle network sniffer capable of passively recording the WCM-ECM authentication exchange. When the legitimate owner starts the motorcycle, the attacker captures the single seed/key pair. Offline, the attacker inverts the reversible non-cryptographic derivation function to recover the persistent per-vehicle immobilizer secret. On a subsequent occasion - potentially hours or days later - the attacker approaches the unattended motorcycle, replays or derives the correct key response to the ECM independently of the physical key fob, and starts the engine to steal the vehicle. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the mathematical reversal is described as feasible from a single observation.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – May 29, 2026

Immobilizer bypass in the 2025 Indian Motorcycle Scout Bobber + Tech (Polaris Inc.) allows a physically adjacent attacker to permanently defeat the engine immobilizer by passively capturing a single WCM-to-ECM seed/key exchange. The Wireless Control Module derives its authentication response using a reversible, non-cryptographic operation, meaning the persistent per-vehicle ECM immobilizer secret can be mathematically reconstructed from one captured exchange - no brute force required. Once recovered, the secret enables independent ECM authentication and engine start without the physical key fob, nullifying the immobilizer entirely. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and no patch has been released; specific protocol details have been withheld by the researcher pending vendor remediation.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch has been identified at time of analysis; Polaris Inc. has been notified and specific protocol details are being withheld pending remediation. Until an ECU firmware update is released through an authorized Indian Motorcycle dealer, owners of the 2025 Scout Bobber + Tech should be aware of the following compensating controls and their trade-offs: First, avoid starting the motorcycle in environments where untrusted parties could have adjacent wireless access (e.g., crowded parking lots with unknown RF monitoring equipment), as exploitation requires passive capture of one legitimate key exchange - limiting exposure reduces capture opportunity. Second, physical security measures (disc locks, chain locks, ground anchors) remain effective because the vulnerability bypasses the immobilizer but does not address physical restraints; these add meaningful friction for a thief even after immobilizer defeat. Third, GPS tracking devices can provide recovery capability post-theft. Note that none of these compensating controls prevent the cryptographic secret from being captured and derived; they only raise the physical barrier to completing a theft. Owners should monitor Polaris/Indian Motorcycle service bulletins and dealer communications for an official ECM firmware update addressing this issue.

Affected VersionsENISA

Scout Bobber + Tech 2025

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected system is the authentication protocol between two in-vehicle modules on the 2025 Indian Motorcycle Scout Bobber + Tech, manufactured by Polaris Inc. (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:indian_motorcycle_(polaris_inc.):scout_bobber_+_tech:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). The Engine Control Module (ECM) implements a seed/key immobilizer - an industry-standard anti-theft mechanism where the ECM issues a random challenge (seed) and only starts if the key fob/WCM responds with the correct derived value (key). The vulnerability is classified under CWE-1390 (Weak Authentication), which covers cases where authentication mechanisms use insufficiently strong algorithms. Here, the WCM's key-derivation function is a reversible, non-cryptographic transformation of the seed rather than a one-way cryptographic function (e.g., HMAC-SHA256). This means an observer who captures both the seed and the response can algebraically invert the function to recover the persistent vehicle-specific secret stored in the ECM. The in-vehicle network protocol (likely a variant of CAN bus or a proprietary RF/Bluetooth channel given the 'adjacent-network' description) provides the passive capture surface. The secret is described as 'persistent' and 'per-vehicle,' indicating it is provisioned at manufacturing and never rotates, making a single successful capture a permanent compromise.

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Severity by source

Vendor (ASRG) PRIMARY 4.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (ASRG) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: ASRG

Attack Vector
Physical
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Passive
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

1
CVSS changed
May 29, 2026 - 13:22 NVD
4.3 (MEDIUM) 4.1 (MEDIUM)

DescriptionCVE.org

Weak authentication between the Wireless Control Module (WCM) and the Engine Control Module (ECM) of the Indian Motorcycle Scout Bobber + Tech 2025 model year allows an adjacent-network attacker with read access to the in-vehicle network to recover the per-vehicle ECM immobilizer secret by passively observing a single seed/key exchange. The WCM derives its response using a reversible, non-cryptographic operation rather than a cryptographic challenge-response, so the persistent immobilizer secret can be reconstructed from one captured exchange. With this secret the attacker can authenticate to the ECM independently of the WCM and start the engine, defeating the immobilizer. Specific protocol details have been withheld pending vendor remediation.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 98% exploitable
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

20
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +20
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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