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Linux Kernel EUVDEUVD-2026-32227

| CVE-2026-45943 HIGH
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2026-05-27 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 GHSA-w8vj-mr98-9j85
7.1
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Local user opens file on EROFS image with ztailpacking
  2. Delivery
    Trigger read of compressed pcluster
  3. Exploit
    Send fatal signal during read_mapping_folio
  4. Execution
    Inline-data fetch fails, NULL folio chained
  5. Persist
    z_erofs_decompress_pcluster dereferences NULL
  6. Impact
    Kernel panic / denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires local access to read from an EROFS filesystem that contains ztailpacking pclusters (inline compressed data co-located with the tail of the compressed indexes). The crash is gated on a failure of read_mapping_folio() to fetch the inline data - the practical trigger described is a fatal signal arriving while that read is in progress (-EINTR/-4), making this a race condition rather than a deterministic call. Limiting factors: the attacker must be able to read such a specially-structured EROFS image, the timing window is narrow (the author notes it is 'somewhat hard to reproduce' because inline data normally arrives with the just-read index tail), CONFIG_EROFS must be present/active, and only low local privileges are needed (PR:L) with no user interaction. These constraints sharply reduce realistic exploitability below the raw CVSS figure.

Impact

Real-world priority is low-to-moderate despite the 7.1 CVSS. The given vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H) marks it local, low-privilege, no user interaction. EPSS is 0.02% (5th percentile) and there is no KEV listing and no known POC, consistent with a hard-to-trigger local DoS rather than a remotely weaponizable bug. NOTE A CONFLICT: the vector asserts C:H (high confidentiality impact), but the described and back-traced behavior is a NULL pointer dereference causing a crash - an availability/DoS outcome - with no demonstrated information disclosure; the CWE-125 OOB-read classification may be the basis for C:H, but the evidence supports A:H far more than C:H. The author also states it is 'somewhat hard to reproduce,' requiring a race (a fatal signal arriving during read_mapping_folio()), which argues for higher attack complexity than the AC:L in the supplied vector. Treat this as a low-urgency stability/robustness fix to roll in with normal kernel patching unless EROFS is exposed to untrusted images or untrusted local users.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local user repeatedly reads a file backed by an EROFS image that uses ztailpacking pclusters and delivers a fatal signal to the reading task to interrupt read_mapping_folio() at the right moment, causing inline-data acquisition to fail. Decompression then dereferences an unvalidated NULL folio pointer and panics the kernel, producing a denial of service. No public exploit code is identified, and reliable triggering depends on winning a timing race.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jun 24, 2026

Kernel NULL pointer dereference in the Linux EROFS compressed filesystem driver allows a local user reading from an EROFS image to crash the system. The flaw lives in z_erofs_decompress_pcluster(), where compressed folios for ztailpacking pclusters are added to I/O chains before being validated; if inline-data reading fails (notably when a fatal signal interrupts read_mapping_folio()), decompression assumes the folios are valid and dereferences a NULL pointer. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is negligible (0.02%), and the issue is not in CISA KEV.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: update to a fixed stable kernel - 6.12.78, 6.18.14, 6.19.4, or 7.0 (or your distribution's backport carrying stable commits 5de1aa0bf3a5 / 92088bd9aa2a / ad07ea069f92 / c134a40f86ef). The fix simply reads inline data before allocating and chaining the pclusters, so it has no functional trade-off. Where immediate patching is not possible, reduce exposure by restricting which users can mount or read untrusted EROFS images and avoid mounting attacker-supplied EROFS/overlay backing images; on systems that do not need it, EROFS can be left unconfigured/unloaded (side effect: breaks any workload depending on EROFS, including some Android/container image formats). Track fixes via https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c134a40f86efb8d6b5a949ef70e06d5752209be5 and the NVD entry https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45943.

Affected VersionsENISA

Linux patch: 6.19.4
Linux cecf864d3d76d50e3d9c58145e286a0b8c284e92 <c134a40f86efb8d6b5a949ef70e06d5752209be5
Linux patch: 6.12.78
Linux cecf864d3d76d50e3d9c58145e286a0b8c284e92 <92088bd9aa2a7246bba8b9648fbc64edd173cf17
Linux cecf864d3d76d50e3d9c58145e286a0b8c284e92 <5de1aa0bf3a5db0b3cbf61959da5ac61250833ed
Linux patch: 7.0
Linux cecf864d3d76d50e3d9c58145e286a0b8c284e92 <ad07ea069f924465061cfee40ef2861bb99f4dd8
Linux 5.17
Linux patch: 6.18.14
Linux patch: 0

Affected Packages

euvd linux no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

EROFS (Enhanced Read-Only File System) is a Linux kernel filesystem widely used for read-only images on Android and container/overlay deployments. The bug is in its LZ compression path, specifically 'ztailpacking' pclusters - a space optimization that packs the tail of compressed data inline within the same block as the compressed index metadata. The fix reorders operations so inline data is read before pclusters are allocated and added to the I/O decompression chain. Classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read), though the concrete manifestation in the trace is a NULL pointer dereference (x0/x1 = 0) inside z_erofs_decompress_queue, reached via the read_folio → filemap → vfs_read path. The crash was observed on arm64 and through an overlayfs (ovl_read_iter) backing-file read.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.1 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 4.7 MEDIUM

Local read of a crafted EROFS image with a signal-timing race (AC:H, PR:L); impact is a NULL-deref kernel crash, so A:H and C:N/I:N rather than the input's C:H.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE 4.7 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Red Hat 5.5 MEDIUM

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Jun 24, 2026 - 17:22 NVD
7.1 (HIGH)
Patch available
May 27, 2026 - 19:46 EUVD
CVE Published
May 27, 2026 - 14:17 nvd
HIGH 7.1
CVE Published
May 27, 2026 - 14:17 nvd
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

erofs: fix inline data read failure for ztailpacking pclusters

Compressed folios for ztailpacking pclusters must be valid before adding these pclusters to I/O chains. Otherwise, z_erofs_decompress_pcluster() may assume they are already valid and then trigger a NULL pointer dereference.

It is somewhat hard to reproduce because the inline data is in the same block as the tail of the compressed indexes, which are usually read just before. However, it may still happen if a fatal signal arrives while read_mapping_folio() is running, as shown below:

erofs: (device dm-1): z_erofs_pcluster_begin: failed to get inline data -4 Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000008

...

pc : z_erofs_decompress_queue+0x4c8/0xa14 lr : z_erofs_decompress_queue+0x160/0xa14 sp : ffffffc08b3eb3a0 x29: ffffffc08b3eb570 x28: ffffffc08b3eb418 x27: 0000000000001000 x26: ffffff8086ebdbb8 x25: ffffff8086ebdbb8 x24: 0000000000000001 x23: 0000000000000008 x22: 00000000fffffffb x21: dead000000000700 x20: 00000000000015e7 x19: ffffff808babb400 x18: ffffffc089edc098 x17: 00000000c006287d x16: 00000000c006287d x15: 0000000000000004 x14: ffffff80ba8f8000 x13: 0000000000000004 x12: 00000006589a77c9 x11: 0000000000000015 x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 0000000000000000 x8 : 0000000000000000 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 000000000000003f x5 : 0000000000000040 x4 : ffffffffffffffe0 x3 : 0000000000000020 x2 : 0000000000000008 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: z_erofs_decompress_queue+0x4c8/0xa14 z_erofs_runqueue+0x908/0x97c z_erofs_read_folio+0x128/0x228 filemap_read_folio+0x68/0x128 filemap_get_pages+0x44c/0x8b4 filemap_read+0x12c/0x5b8 generic_file_read_iter+0x4c/0x15c do_iter_readv_writev+0x188/0x1e0 vfs_iter_read+0xac/0x1a4 backing_file_read_iter+0x170/0x34c ovl_read_iter+0xf0/0x140 vfs_read+0x28c/0x344 ksys_read+0x80/0xf0 __arm64_sys_read+0x24/0x34 invoke_syscall+0x60/0x114 el0_svc_common+0x88/0xe4 do_el0_svc+0x24/0x30 el0_svc+0x40/0xa8 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x70/0xbc el0t_64_sync+0x1bc/0x1c0

Fix this by reading the inline data before allocating and adding the pclusters to the I/O chains.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2026-45943 is a kernel denial-of-service vulnerability in the Linux EROFS compressed filesystem driver that allows local users to crash systems. The CVSS rating is 7.1 (HIGH), but organizational risk is limited: no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS scoring is negligible (0.02%), and exploitation requires local system access.

Business Impact: Medium
Compensating Controls

Patch available per vendor advisory

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 95% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Linux kernel; EROFS ships in mainline and is common on Android/containers
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Medium

Priority Score

36
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Moderate
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Affected

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