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NanaZip EUVDEUVD-2026-29791

| CVE-2026-42446 HIGH
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2026-05-12 GitHub_M
7.1
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Deliver crafted ZealFS image to victim
  2. Delivery
    Victim opens file in NanaZip
  3. Exploit
    Parser reads untrusted BitmapSize field
  4. Execution
    Loop reads past stack Header struct
  5. Impact
    Leak stack bytes via free-space property or crash process

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires a victim to open or list an attacker-crafted ZealFS v1 filesystem image in a vulnerable NanaZip build (>=5.0.1252.0 and <6.0.1698.0 Stable). The ZealFS handler is registered for the 'zealfs' extension with SevenZipHandlerFlagFindSignature and a 1-byte 'Z' (0x5A) signature, so format recognition needs only Magic'Z' and Version1 at offset 0 - the attacker controls all remaining bytes, including the single-byte BitmapSize field, which must be set in the range 33-255 to drive the loop past the 32-byte PagesBitmap array. Limiting factors: the vector is local (AV:L) and requires user interaction (UI:R) - there is no remote or unauthenticated-service exposure; reliable confidentiality impact additionally requires repeated reads of the exposed free-space value to reconstruct stack bytes, whereas a single open mainly yields a crash/DoS. No affected default network service is involved.

Impact

This is a moderate, defensible-severity issue that should NOT be treated as an emergency, and the multi-source signals agree on that. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H, base 7.1) correctly captures a local, user-interaction-dependent flaw: the victim must open an attacker-crafted ZealFS v1 image, so there is no remote or automatable mass-exploitation path. This aligns with the SSVC framework (Exploitation: none, Automatable: no, Technical Impact: partial) and with the extremely low EPSS score (0.01%, 2nd percentile), which indicates no observed or predicted real-world exploitation activity. The vuln.today 'this_week' priority is driven by the C:H/A:H impact and the availability of a fix, not by active exploitation. The flaw is NOT in CISA KEV and there is no confirmed active exploitation. The one nuance worth flagging: the GHSL advisory documents a concrete reproduction path and ASan crash, and realistic confidentiality impact (C:H) depends on an attacker being able to repeatedly query the SevenZipArchiveFreeSpace property with varying BitmapSize values to reconstruct stack bytes - a single opened file primarily yields a crash/DoS, while meaningful information disclosure (potential canary/return-address leak enabling ASLR bypass) requires multiple controlled observations. No signals conflict: all point to a genuine but low-urgency, interaction-gated vulnerability.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker distributes a small crafted file with the .zealfs extension (or a file beginning with the byte 'Z' that NanaZip's signature scanner recognizes) via email, download, or a shared drive, and a victim opens or lists it in NanaZip. The parser's unbounded loop over the attacker-controlled BitmapSize field reads up to 195 bytes past the stack-allocated ZEALFS_V1_HEADER, crashing the process (DoS) or, through repeated queries of the exposed free-space value, leaking adjacent stack contents such as saved return addresses or stack-cookie material. A public PoC reference exists (the advisory shows a NanaZip.Universal.Console.exe l poc.zealfs reproduction and an AddressSanitizer crash trace); it is not verified as working exploit code, and the CVSS local vector with required user interaction limits realistic exploitation.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Oct 26, 2026

Opening a crafted ZealFS v1 filesystem image in NanaZip builds from 5.0.1252.0 up to (but not including) 6.0.1698.0 triggers a stack-based out-of-bounds read that can crash the process and, through repeated queries, leak adjacent stack memory. The parser reads a 64-byte ZEALFS_V1_HEADER from the untrusted file and uses its single-byte BitmapSize field - validated only for non-zero - as the bound of a loop over the fixed 32-byte PagesBitmap array, so any value in 33-255 walks up to roughly 195 bytes past the stack-allocated structure. The vector is local (AV:L) and requires the victim to open or list a malicious image (UI:R), there is no remote service exposure, EPSS is 0.01% (2nd percentile), and no active exploitation is recorded; the vendor addressed the missing bound check in 6.0.1698.0, with a preview fix in 6.5.1742.0. A reproducer command is published in the GitHub Security Lab advisory, but it is not verified working exploit code.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Jul 23, 2026 - 19:44 CVSS 4.4

Stack-based out-of-bounds read in NanaZip's ZealFS v1 filesystem image parser affects versions 5.0.1252.0 through before 6.0.1698.0, allowing an attacker who tricks a user into opening a crafted archive to leak stack memory and potentially crash the application. The root cause is an attacker-controlled BitmapSize header field that drives an unbounded loop reading past the end of a stack-allocated ZEALFS_V1_HEADER structure, yielding limited confidentiality and availability impact. No active exploitation has been confirmed - EPSS is 0.01% (2nd percentile), SSVC rates exploitation as none, and no KEV listing or public exploit code exists at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to NanaZip 6.0.1698.0 (Stable) or 6.5.1742.0 (Preview); the fix adds an upper-bound check rejecting any BitmapSize greater than ZEALFS_V1_BITMAP_SIZE (32), which matches the ZealFS v1 specification where the bitmap is exactly 32 bytes. See the advisory at https://github.com/M2Team/NanaZip/security/advisories/GHSA-4c79-hfr4-mqv9 for details and the upstream source referenced there. Where upgrading must be staged, the practical compensating control is to prevent untrusted ZealFS images from reaching the vulnerable parser: avoid opening, previewing or listing .zealfs files received from untrusted sources, and in managed environments block the extension or remove the ZealFS handler association at the packaging/deployment layer - accepting that legitimate ZealFS images then cannot be opened in NanaZip and must be handled with an updated build or a different tool. Do not rely on exploit mitigations already present in the product for protection here: the vendor states CFG, CET shadow stacks and /GS stack cookies are enabled, but stack cookies detect writes and therefore do not stop this out-of-bounds read. There is no known exploitation activity (CISA SSVC exploitation: none, EPSS 0.01%), so the upgrade fits a normal patch cycle rather than an emergency response.

Affected VersionsENISA

NanaZip 5.0.1250.0, < 6.0.1698.0

Affected Packages

euvd nanazip_5_0_1250_0 fix: 6.0.1698.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

NanaZip is a 7-Zip-derived archive tool whose codec framework registers handlers via identifiers such as SevenZipHandlerFlagFindSignature, and since release 5.0.1252.0 it ships a handler for ZealFS, the filesystem used on the Zeal 8-bit computer. The ZealFS handler is registered for the 'zealfs' extension with a 1-byte signature 'Z' (0x5A), so format recognition requires only Magic'Z' and Version1 at offset 0, leaving every other byte of the image attacker-controlled. In Zealfs::Open (NanaZip.Codecs.Archive.Zealfs.cpp), the parser reads a ZEALFS_V1_HEADER onto the stack: a 2-byte common header (Magic, Version), a 1-byte BitmapSize, a 1-byte FreePages, a 32-byte PagesBitmap array (ZEALFS_V1_BITMAP_SIZE, derived from ZEALFS_V1_MAXIMUM_PAGE_COUNT 256 / 8), and 28 reserved bytes, 64 bytes total. The root cause is CWE-125: the code checks only that BitmapSize is non-zero and never compares it against ZEALFS_V1_BITMAP_SIZE before running a loop that dereferences Header.PagesBitmap[i]. Indices 32-59 fall into the Reserved field (wrong data but still inside the struct), while indices 60-254 read past the end of Header entirely - the AddressSanitizer trace shows the read landing inside the adjacent TotalBytes local. The over-read bytes are folded by bitwise operations into m_FreeSpace, which is exposed to callers via the SevenZipArchiveFreeSpace property, so the disclosure channel is a computed free-space counter rather than a direct byte copy; the advisory notes that varying BitmapSize across 33-255 could reconstruct individual stack bytes such as return addresses, which would be useful for an ASLR bypass. The vendor notes that CFG, CET shadow stacks and /GS stack cookies are enabled but that stack cookies detect writes, not reads, so they do not mitigate this bug.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.1 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.1 HIGH

Victim must open a crafted local file (AV:L/UI:R), no auth needed (PR:N); OOB read can leak stack memory (C:H) and crash the process (A:H) with no write/integrity impact (I:N).

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

5
Analysis Updated
Oct 26, 2026 - 18:34 vuln.today
v2 - CVSS changed
Severity Changed
Oct 26, 2026 - 18:23 NVD
MEDIUM HIGH
CVSS changed
Oct 26, 2026 - 18:23 NVD
4.4 (MEDIUM) 7.1 (HIGH)
Patch available
May 12, 2026 - 21:03 EUVD
CVE Published
May 12, 2026 - 19:19 nvd
MEDIUM 4.4

DescriptionNVD

NanaZip is an open source file archive. From 5.0.1252.0 to before 6.0.1698.0, a stack-based out-of-bounds read exists in the ZealFS filesystem image parser in NanaZip. The vulnerability is triggered when opening a crafted ZealFS v1 filesystem image. An attacker-controlled BitmapSize field in the file header drives an unbounded loop that reads past the end of a stack-allocated ZEALFS_V1_HEADER structure. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.0.1698.0.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A high-severity vulnerability in NanaZip (a file archiver) versions 5.0.1252.0 through 6.0.1697.0 allows a crafted ZealFS image to cause a stack-based out-of-bounds read, potentially crashing the application and leaking sensitive stack memory. While exploitation requires local interaction and no active exploitation has been observed, the risk is concentrated among users who open untrusted files; leadership should prioritize patching to prevent potential data leakage and operational disruption.

Business Impact: Medium
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 98% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source Windows archiver, modest community install base
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

36
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

CVE-2026-27114 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 19

Nanazip versions up to 6.0.1630.0 is affected by loop with unreachable exit condition (infinite loop) (CVSS 7.5).

CVE-2026-26282 MEDIUM POC
6.6 Feb 19

NanaZip versions 5.0.1252.0 through 6.0.1629.0 contain an out-of-bounds heap read in the .NET Single File bundle parser

CVE-2026-27711 MEDIUM POC
6.6 Feb 26

NanaZip versions 5.0.1252.0 through 6.5.1637.0 contain an out-of-bounds memory access flaw in the UFS file parser that c

CVE-2026-27709 MEDIUM POC
6.6 Feb 26

Out-of-bounds memory read in NanaZip versions 5.0.1252.0 through 6.0.1637.x allows local authenticated attackers to disc

CVE-2026-27014 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Feb 19

NanaZip versions 5.0.1252.0 through 6.0.1629.0 are vulnerable to denial of service through malformed ROMFS archives that

CVE-2026-27710 MEDIUM POC
5.0 Feb 26

NanaZip versions 5.0.1252.0 through 6.5.1637.x contain an integer underflow in the .NET Single File Application parser t

CVE-2026-54616 HIGH
7.1 Aug 20

Heap out-of-bounds read in NanaZip's SquashFS LZ4 decompression handler exposes adjacent heap memory contents when a use

CVE-2026-44215 HIGH
7.1 May 12

A one-byte heap out-of-bounds null write (CWE-787) in NanaZip's UFS/UFS2 filesystem image parser allows a crafted .ufs,

CVE-2026-55780 LOW POC
2.4 Jul 10

Process crash via uncaught C++ exception in NanaZip's .NET single-file bundle handler affects all versions prior to 6.5.

CVE-2026-42445 MEDIUM
5.5 May 12

Stack exhaustion in NanaZip's UFS/UFS2 filesystem image parser crashes the application when a user opens a specially cra

CVE-2026-42444 MEDIUM
5.5 May 12

Memory exhaustion in NanaZip's littlefs filesystem image parser (versions 5.0.1252.0 through before 6.0.1698.0) allows a

CVE-2026-42443 MEDIUM
5.5 May 12

Integer divide-by-zero in NanaZip's UFS/UFS2 filesystem image parser crashes the application when a user opens a special

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