Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
Primary rating from NVD.
CVSS VectorNVD
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: xt_tcpmss: check remaining length before reading optlen
Quoting reporter: In net/netfilter/xt_tcpmss.c (lines 53-68), the TCP option parser reads op[i+1] directly without validating the remaining option length.
If the last byte of the option field is not EOL/NOP (0/1), the code attempts to index op[i+1]. In the case where i + 1 == optlen, this causes an out-of-bounds read, accessing memory past the optlen boundary (either reading beyond the stack buffer _opt or the following payload).
AnalysisAI
Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's netfilter xt_tcpmss module allows remote unauthenticated attackers to leak memory contents and potentially cause system crashes via malformed TCP options. The xt_tcpmss TCP option parser fails to validate remaining option length before reading optlen values, triggering memory access beyond buffer boundaries when processing crafted packets. EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.02%, 7th percentile) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the network attack vector (AV:N) and lack of authentication requirements (PR:N) make this exploitable against any system using netfilter with TCP MSS clamping enabled.
Technical ContextAI
The vulnerability resides in net/netfilter/xt_tcpmss.c, specifically in the TCP options parsing logic (lines 53-68). Netfilter's xt_tcpmss module implements TCP Maximum Segment Size clamping, a common technique to prevent MTU-related packet fragmentation issues in network address translation and VPN scenarios. The parser iterates through TCP option fields but performs unsafe array indexing by reading op[i+1] without first verifying that i+1 remains within the optlen boundary. When a malformed TCP packet contains option bytes at the end of the option field that are neither EOL (0x00) nor NOP (0x01), the code attempts to read the option length byte at position i+1. If this occurs when i+1 equals or exceeds optlen, the read accesses memory beyond either the stack-allocated _opt buffer or extends into subsequent packet payload data. This is a classic buffer over-read vulnerability affecting packet processing in kernel space, where boundary checks must be rigorous due to untrusted network input. The affected code path executes during TCP packet filtering, meaning any system with iptables/nftables rules using TCP MSS clamping processes these options in kernel context.
RemediationAI
Apply vendor-supplied kernel patches immediately for affected versions. Specific fix versions: upgrade to Linux 5.10.252 or later for 5.10.x branch, 5.15.202+ for 5.15.x LTS, 6.1.165+ for 6.1.x LTS, 6.6.128+ for 6.6.x LTS, 6.12.75+ for 6.12.x, 6.18.16+ for 6.18.x, 6.19.6+ for 6.19.x, or 7.0+ for mainline. All patches implement bounds checking before reading TCP option length bytes in net/netfilter/xt_tcpmss.c. Consult your Linux distribution's security advisory channels (e.g., RHSA, USN, SUSE Security Update) for distribution-specific kernel packages. For systems unable to patch immediately, compensating controls include: (1) Disable xt_tcpmss module and remove TCP MSS clamping iptables/nftables rules if not operationally required - this eliminates the vulnerable code path but may cause MTU issues for NATed/VPN traffic; verify application compatibility before implementing. (2) Implement strict network ingress filtering to block malformed TCP packets at network perimeter before reaching vulnerable hosts - requires deep packet inspection capability and may impact performance; effectiveness depends on attacker's ability to bypass filtering. (3) Deploy kernel runtime protection mechanisms like grsecurity/PaX if available for your distribution - adds exploit mitigation but does not fix root cause. Patch references and validation commits available at https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/735ee8582da3d239eb0c7a53adca61b79fb228b3 and related stable tree commits. Reboot required after kernel update to activate patched code.
Same weakness CWE-125 – Out-of-bounds Read
View allSame technique Buffer Overflow
View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: High| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME CORE | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME CORE | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS Extended Security | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS Extended Security | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server LTS 4.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | Fixed |
| SUSE CaaS Platform 4.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7 | Fixed |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-ESPOS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-ESPOS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-ESPOS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-BCL | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-BCL | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.2 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.0 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.1 | Fixed |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.2 | Fixed |
| SUSE OpenStack Cloud 9 | Fixed |
| SUSE OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9 | Fixed |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP4 | Fixed |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP5 | Fixed |
| openSUSE Leap 15.3 | Fixed |
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | Fixed |
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | Fixed |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Fixed |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Fixed |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | Fixed |
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-27750
GHSA-395h-h5jq-ggp6