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Virtual Engineering Workbench EUVDEUVD-2026-115348

| CVE-2026-119085 CRITICAL
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine (CWE-1336)
2026-11-02 AMZN GHSA-rg4p-j9f7-f4gg
9.4
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: AMZN
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate to product versioning API
  2. Delivery
    Submit CloudFormation template with Jinja2 directives
  3. Exploit
    Unsandboxed template engine renders payload
  4. Execution
    Execute code as publishing Lambda IAM role
  5. Impact
    Access data and resources across all tenant projects

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Template injection prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires (1) valid authenticated access at low privilege (PR:L) to the product versioning API of a deployed Amazon Virtual Engineering Workbench instance, and (2) the ability to submit a CloudFormation template body - the injected code path is the publishing component's AMI-product handler that renders the submitted template body through jinja2.Template without sandboxing. The specific trigger is a template body containing Jinja2 control sequences ({{ }}, {% %}, or {

#}) that reach the template engine. Limiting factors: the attacker must already be an authenticated third party (not unauthenticated), so this is not exploitable against anonymous requests; impact scope (cross-tenant data/resource access) is bounded by the permissions granted to the publishing Lambda's IAM role.

Impact

This is a genuine high-priority issue, not a CVSS-inflated one. The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) describes network-reachable, low-complexity exploitation requiring only low-privilege authentication, with HIGH confidentiality, integrity and availability impact on both the vulnerable system (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) and subsequent systems (SC:H/SI:H/SA:H) - the subsequent-system HIGH ratings align with the description's claim of cross-tenant access to data and resources, since code runs with the publishing Lambda's IAM role. The CWE-1336 (SSTI) classification and the patch (replacing a raw jinja2.Template with a SandboxedEnvironment plus input rejection of Jinja2 control sequences) corroborate a server-side template injection leading to RCE. The vuln.today decision label is act_now and the vendor is the reporter (AMZN), both reinforcing priority. Signal gaps to note: no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no formally catalogued PoC are present in the input, so real-world exploitation volume cannot be quantified - the urgency here rests on the decision label, the self-reported critical severity, and the confirmed code-level root cause rather than on observed exploitation. The only meaningful limiter is PR:L: an attacker must hold valid low-privilege access to the product versioning API.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privilege authenticated user of the Virtual Engineering Workbench submits a product version through the versioning API with a CloudFormation template body that embeds Jinja2 template-engine directives. When the publishing component renders the template with an unsandboxed jinja2.Template, the injected directives execute server-side, running arbitrary code under the publishing Lambda's IAM role and reaching data and resources across all tenant projects. No formally published exploit is listed in the input, but the patch commit's regression test publicly discloses a working payload ({{ self.__init__.__globals__['os'].popen('id').read() }}).

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available

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AnalysisAIv2 – Nov 02, 2026

Improper neutralization of template-engine syntax in the publishing component of Amazon Virtual Engineering Workbench (VEW) lets a remote low-privileged authenticated third party run arbitrary code under the publishing Lambda's IAM role by submitting a crafted CloudFormation template body through the product versioning API. Because that role can reach resources across tenant projects, successful exploitation ranges from code execution to cross-tenant data and resource access, and AWS rates the issue at CVSS 9.4 (CWE-1336). No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; the vendor has published an upstream fix and directs users to redeploy from the latest awslabs/virtual-engineering-workbench release.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Nov 02, 2026 - 18:06 CVSS 8.8

Server-side template injection in the publishing component of Amazon Virtual Engineering Workbench (VEW) lets an authenticated third party submit a crafted CloudFormation template body through the product versioning API and have it rendered as a Jinja2 template, executing arbitrary code with the publishing Lambda's IAM role. Because that role carries cross-tenant permissions, successful exploitation can reach data and resources in every tenant project on the deployment (the assessed vector reflects a scope change to S:C). No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry is associated with this CVE at time of analysis, but exploitation requires only a valid low-privileged account and an accessible versioning API, so the vendor has published an AWS security bulletin and a fix commit; the vendor's remediation is to redeploy from the latest awslabs/virtual-engineering-workbench release.

RemediationAI

The vendor fix is available from upstream as commit c146486cec41f5b04fae57e9ce1a7fb40e695615 in awslabs/virtual-engineering-workbench, which replaces the unsandboxed jinja2.Template rendering with jinja2.sandbox.SandboxedEnvironment and adds rejection of Jinja2 control sequences ({{, {%, {#) in the version template definition value object; AWS's remediation guidance is to redeploy the workbench from the latest version of the repository (see the advisory at https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletins/2026-162-aws/), so an upstream commit-level fix exists while a specific tagged release version is not independently confirmed in the supplied data. Because the flaw is reachable through the product versioning API by any authenticated low-privilege principal, restricting that API to trusted tenant operators and reviewing who can submit version templates reduces exposure until the redeploy completes, with the trade-off of limiting normal publishing workflows. As a compensating control for the cross-tenant blast radius, scope the publishing Lambda's IAM role to the minimum set of projects and data stores it needs, accepting that legitimate cross-project publishing operations may then fail.

Affected VersionsENISA

virtual-engineering-workbench 0 <c146486cec41f5b04fae57e9ce1a7fb40e695615

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected code path is the AMI-product branch of the publishing domain command handler (backend/app/publishing/domain/command_handlers/publish_version_command_handler.py). A version template definition supplied by the caller is decoded and rendered with jinja2.Template(...), i.e. an unsandboxed Jinja2 environment, so any Jinja2 expression, statement or comment delimiter embedded in the template body is evaluated server-side - the classic server-side template injection (CWE-1336) pattern, here triggered by the CloudFormation template body reaching the publishing Lambda. The upstream fix applies two layers of defense: it switches rendering to jinja2.sandbox.SandboxedEnvironment with BaseLoader, which raises SecurityError on unsafe attribute access (the added regression test feeds {{ self.__init__.__globals__['os'].popen('id').read() }} and expects 'access to attribute __init__ of TemplateReference object is unsafe'), and it adds validation in the version_template_definition_value_object value object that rejects any input matching the regex {{|{%|{

before it can be stored or rendered, with tests covering config.__class__ payloads, {% import %} statements, {

comments #}, and _TemplateReference__context access. Legitimate templating such as 'Name: {{ product_name }}, Version: {{ product_version }}' is confirmed by the test suite to still be at risk only under the patched design that permits controlled placeholders.

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Severity by source

Vendor (AMZN) PRIMARY 9.4 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
vuln.today AI 9.9 CRITICAL

Network-reachable API, low-complexity SSTI needing only low-privilege auth (PR:L); scope change (S:C) because code runs as the Lambda's IAM role and reaches other tenants, with full C/I/A impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Primary rating from Vendor (AMZN).

CVSS VectorVendor: AMZN

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
High
Subsequent system: Integrity
High
Subsequent system: Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
Analysis Updated
Nov 02, 2026 - 18:27 vuln.today
v2 - CVSS changed
Severity Changed
Nov 02, 2026 - 18:22 NVD
HIGH CRITICAL
CVSS changed
Nov 02, 2026 - 18:22 NVD
8.8 (HIGH) 9.4 (CRITICAL)
CVE Published
Nov 02, 2026 - 17:37 cve.org
HIGH 8.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine in the publishing component of Amazon Virtual Engineering Workbench (VEW) could allow a remote authenticated third party to run arbitrary code with the permissions of the publishing Lambda's IAM role. This could allow access to data and resources across all tenant projects. The code is reachable through a crafted CloudFormation template body containing template engine directives submitted through the product versioning API.

To remediate this issue, users should redeploy from the latest version of awslabs/virtual-engineering-workbench.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Amazon Virtual Engineering Workbench (VEW) contains a critical remote code execution vulnerability (CVE-2026-119085) that allows an authenticated low-privileged user to execute arbitrary code within the publishing Lambda's IAM role, potentially enabling cross-tenant data and resource access. This poses a severe risk to multi-tenant environments managed through VEW, as an attacker with limited access could compromise the entire platform and other tenants' projects.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

Prevalence
Low
niche AWS Labs reference workbench, deployed only by self-hosting adopters
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS N/A
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Very High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

47
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +47
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

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