Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach network-exposed llama.cpp rpc-server
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ExploitAdvertise RDMA capabilities in HELLO message
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ExecutionSend up to 256 KiB overflowing 1-byte stack variable
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ImpactCrash rpc-server or potentially execute code
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, write limits
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the target to be an llama.cpp rpc-server built/running with the ggml-rpc RDMA transport active, and the server network-reachable to the attacker. The concrete trigger per the description: a peer advertises RDMA capabilities in the HELLO message, after which the server's rdma_recv() path accepts up to 256 KiB that overflows a 1-byte stack variable in rpc_serve_client(). No authentication is required (CVSS PR:N), so any reachable peer qualifies. The key limiting factor is deployment mode: the llama.cpp RPC server is an opt-in distributed-inference feature and the RDMA transport is a specific, non-default path (reflected by AT:P), so hosts that do not run the rpc-server or do not enable RDMA are not exposed. No user interaction is needed (UI:N). |
| Impact | The input CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) scores 9.2 (Critical) and the vuln.today Decision label is act_now, so this should be treated as an urgent, patch-now item wherever the affected component is exposed. The strongest signals are AV:N with PR:N - a network-reachable, unauthenticated peer can trigger the flaw - combined with high confidentiality/integrity/availability impact consistent with a stack out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) that the description says crashes the server or could 'potentially' execute code. The AT:P metric (Attack Requirements: Present) is important context: exploitation is not against a bare default, it requires the rpc-server to be running the ggml-rpc RDMA transport path, which the attacker then engages by advertising RDMA in the HELLO message. Signals are only partially complete: no EPSS probability and no CISA KEV entry are provided, so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation - exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis' (the references are patches, source, and a VulnCheck advisory, not exploit code). This means the 9.2 is a genuine severity ceiling rather than a demonstrated mass-exploitation threat: the realistic risk concentrates on operators who run network-exposed llama.cpp RPC servers with RDMA enabled. Code execution is described as a possibility ('potentially'), not a confirmed capability, so confirmed impact is at minimum denial of service via server crash. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with network reach to an llama.cpp rpc-server that is running the ggml-rpc RDMA transport connects as an unauthenticated peer and advertises RDMA capabilities in its HELLO message. It then sends up to 256 KiB of data that the vulnerable rdma_recv() path writes into a 1-byte stack variable in rpc_serve_client(), overflowing the stack and crashing the server, with potential for code execution. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data; the fix PR confirms the missing bounds check. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026
Stack-based out-of-bounds write in llama.cpp's ggml-rpc RDMA receive path (builds b8841 through b11865) lets unauthenticated network peers corrupt the rpc-server stack by advertising RDMA support in the HELLO message and sending up to 256 KiB into a 1-byte stack variable, crashing the server or potentially enabling code execution. The input CVSS 4.0 score is 9.2 Critical and the vuln.today decision is act_now, but exploitation requires the opt-in llama.cpp rpc-server to be running with the non-default RDMA transport and reachable from the attacker, which is reflected in the independent CVSS 3.1 assessment as AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. No public exploit was identified in the provided intelligence at time of analysis, and the vendor fix is available in build b11865.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: b11865 - upgrade to llama.cpp b11865 or later; the fix is in PR #30399 / commit 9a0fde9967fa1a35b6e5dd1f47e1a3648b6fecc1 and adds an RDMA receive overrun check ('got > rem') in ggml/src/ggml-rpc/transport.cpp. The provided sources do not state a vendor workaround; the complete remediation is updating. Where immediate upgrade is not possible, reduce exposure by not enabling or using the llama.cpp rpc-server's RDMA transport and by blocking untrusted network access to rpc-server endpoints, consistent with the assessed prerequisite that exploitation requires a reachable RDMA-enabled rpc-server; these are deployment controls and do not replace the patch. Advisory references: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/pull/30399, https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/commit/9a0fde9967fa1a35b6e5dd1f47e1a3648b6fecc1, https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/releases/tag/b11865, and https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/llama-cpp-b8841-before-b11865-stack-based-buffer-overflow-via-ggml-rpc-rdma-rdma-recv.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affects your stack
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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The impacted component is ggml-rpc, llama.cpp's remote procedure call transport used for distributed inference; the RDMA path in ggml/src/ggml-rpc/transport.cpp (source evidence around lines 510-528) implements rdma_recv() and the rpc_serve_client() receive loop. The flaw is CWE-787 (out-of-bounds write): a peer that advertises RDMA capabilities in the HELLO handshake can make the server accept up to 256 KiB into a 1-byte stack buffer, and the upstream patch adds a 'got > rem' overrun check before the received data is accepted. CPE cpe:2.3:a:ggml-org:llama.cpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* and EUVD's 'llama.cpp b8841 <b11865' identify affected builds; the independent assessment notes that the RPC server is opt-in and the RDMA transport is a specific non-default path, so hosts without that deployment are not exposed. The trigger is described by the sources as RDMA-capable HELLO negotiation followed by oversized receive data; no additional trigger detail is provided.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network-reachable and unauthenticated (AV:N/PR:N); AC:H because the server must be running the non-default RDMA transport that the 4.0 vector marks as an attack requirement; stack OOB write yields high C/I/A.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
llama.cpp b8841 before b11865 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the ggml-rpc RDMA transport rdma_recv() function that allows unauthenticated peers to overflow the rpc-server stack. Attackers advertising RDMA capabilities in the HELLO message can send up to 256 KiB into a 1-byte stack variable in rpc_serve_client(), crashing the server or potentially executing code.
Executive ViewAI
A critical vulnerability in llama.cpp's RPC server (builds b8841 through b11865) allows unauthenticated network attackers to corrupt server memory, potentially leading to crashes or code execution. Only organizations running the RPC server with the optional RDMA transport enabled and exposed to untrusted networks are at risk, which is a non-default configuration. Leadership should prioritize identifying and patching any such deployments, as exploitation could disrupt AI workloads and compromise data integrity.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.
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Remote code execution in llama.cpp's llama-server (builds b7492 through b9060) allows unauthenticated attackers to run a
EUVD-2026-111551
GHSA-pmf8-m38j-h768
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB