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Oracle Java SE EUVDEUVD-2026-106667

| CVE-2026-91415 HIGH
2026-10-20 secalert_us@oracle.com GHSA-vmv5-g2r5-cqmj
7.0
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach exposed Java 2D API endpoint
  2. Delivery
    Submit crafted image/graphics payload
  3. Exploit
    Trigger difficult-to-meet parsing condition
  4. Execution
    Exhaust or crash JVM processing
  5. Impact
    Complete denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires reaching code paths in the Java 2D component, typically by supplying crafted data to an application-exposed API - for example a web service that passes untrusted input (such as images or graphics data) to the 2D APIs - or via a sandboxed Java Web Start application or applet that loads and runs untrusted code from the internet and depends on the Java sandbox. The principal limiting factor is the HIGH attack complexity (AC:H): Oracle explicitly describes it as 'difficult to exploit,' meaning conditions beyond the attacker's control (specific input states or timing) must be met for reliable triggering. No authentication is required (PR:N) and no user interaction is needed (UI:N), but the vulnerable 2D data path must actually be exposed to attacker-supplied input, which does not apply to Java deployments that never process untrusted 2D/image data.

Impact

This is a genuinely moderate-priority issue rather than a top-tier emergency, and the signals are internally consistent. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H, score 7.0) shows a network-reachable, unauthenticated flaw but with HIGH attack complexity, which Oracle corroborates in its own 'Difficult to exploit' language - the AC:H is the single biggest brake on real-world risk. Impact is skewed toward availability (A:H, complete DOS) with only partial confidentiality and integrity impact (C:L/I:L), consistent with the 'Denial Of Service' tag and a bug in the 2D graphics/image-parsing component. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC were provided, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The combination - high CVSS driven largely by A:H but gated by AC:H, with zero exploitation telemetry - suggests a patch-in-normal-cycle item rather than an out-of-band scramble, despite the ubiquity of the affected product. Note that key corroborating signals (EPSS, KEV, POC) are absent entirely, not low - their absence reflects missing data, not confirmed safety.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker supplies a maliciously crafted image or 2D graphics payload to a Java-based web service whose API feeds untrusted input into the vulnerable 2D component, triggering a hang or repeatable crash that takes the service offline (complete DOS) and may corrupt or expose a limited subset of accessible data. Alternatively, a sandboxed Java Web Start application or applet loads attacker-controlled code from the internet and relies on the sandbox for safety. No public exploit code is known, and the HIGH attack complexity means reliable triggering requires specific conditions outside the attacker's full control.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026

Oracle Java SE (8u503/8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1, and 27), GraalVM for JDK 17.0.20.1/21.0.12.1, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.19.1.1 contain a moderate-priority, difficult-to-exploit flaw in the 2D component that unauthenticated remote attackers can reach through APIs processing attacker-supplied data. Successful exploitation can repeatedly hang or crash the JVM (complete denial of service) and may allow limited unauthorized reads and updates of accessible data. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry was identified at time of analysis; Oracle addresses the issue in its October 2026 Critical Patch Update.

RemediationAI

Patch available per vendor advisory (Oracle Critical Patch Update, October 2026): apply the October 2026 Critical Patch Update to every affected Java SE, GraalVM for JDK, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition installation, using the advisory at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html to identify the minimum fixed release for each affected line because the feed does not state exact patched version numbers. If immediate upgrade is not possible, reduce exposure by preventing untrusted image or graphics data from reaching Java 2D APIs at application boundaries, validating and constraining formats and sizes, and rejecting malformed content; these controls can break legitimate image-processing features and are not a substitute for the patch. For client deployments, remove or disable Java Web Start and applet execution and avoid relying on the Java sandbox for untrusted code, accepting that this may break legacy applications. Isolate services that must process untrusted 2D data with least-privilege accounts and network segmentation. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis, but the high availability impact warrants prioritizing internet-facing services that process untrusted 2D data.

Affected VersionsENISA

Oracle Java SE 8u503
Oracle Java SE 25.0.4.1
Oracle GraalVM for JDK 21.0.12.1
Oracle Java SE 27
Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.19.1.1
Oracle Java SE 21.0.12.1
Oracle Java SE 8u503-perf
Oracle Java SE 17.0.20.1
Oracle GraalVM for JDK 17.0.20.1
Oracle Java SE 11.0.32.1

Affected Packages

euvd oracle_graalvm_enterprise_edition no fix
euvd oracle_graalvm_for_jdk no fix
euvd oracle_java_se no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 3 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Oracle Java SE's 2D subsystem provides graphics, imaging, font, and rendering APIs used by desktop, server, and sandboxed Java applications. The supplied data does not assign a CWE (CWE: N/A), so the precise root cause cannot be confirmed; the observable impact is a Java 2D API path that, under high-complexity conditions, can be driven to affect some accessible data and to exhaust or crash the JVM. The CVSS vector AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H indicates network reachability, high attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction, unchanged scope, low confidentiality and integrity impact, and high availability impact. Exploitation requires an exposed code path that feeds untrusted content, such as images or graphics data, into Java 2D APIs, for example a web service, or a sandboxed Java Web Start application or applet that runs untrusted code and relies on the Java sandbox; deployments that never process untrusted 2D data are not exposed through that path. No CPE strings were included in the intelligence feed.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.0 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.0 HIGH

Network-reachable and unauthenticated (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N) but difficult to trigger (AC:H per Oracle); availability-dominant complete DOS (A:H) with only partial C:L/I:L and no scope change.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
High

DescriptionNVD

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: 2D). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1, 27; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19.1.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data and unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.0 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Oracle Java SE and GraalVM deployments using affected versions face a high-severity availability and limited data-integrity risk because malicious data processed through 2D APIs can repeatedly hang or crash the JVM and may permit limited unauthorized reads or updates. Leadership should care because production services built on these runtimes could experience sustained outages and limited data exposure, while no public exploit was identified at time of analysis and no vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations include restricting or disabling Java 2D processing of untrusted data where feasible, enforcing strict input validation and WAF rules on APIs that handle attacker-supplied data, network-segmenting and least-privileging affected Java/GraalVM services, monitoring for repeated JVM hangs or crashes, and maintaining isolated backups and tested rollback and incident response procedures.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 88% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Oracle Java SE runtime is deployed across a huge fraction of enterprise environments
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

35
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +35
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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