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Oracle Java SE EUVDEUVD-2026-106629

| CVE-2026-91375 MEDIUM
Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863)
2026-10-20 secalert_us@oracle.com GHSA-r2p6-wxc8-pmpv
4.7
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: oracle
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain local logon to Java SE host
  2. Delivery
    Supply crafted data to vulnerable Libraries API
  3. Exploit
    Induce victim to process untrusted code/data
  4. Execution
    Trigger integrity corruption in sandboxed context
  5. Impact
    Unauthorized modification of critical data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to have local logon access to the infrastructure where Oracle Java SE executes (AV:L) and depends on human interaction from a person other than the attacker (UI:R), with high attack complexity (AC:H). The specific vulnerable surface is the Libraries component reached via its APIs - for example a web service that supplies data to those APIs - and, per Oracle's note, the classic risk case is sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets that load and run untrusted code from the internet and rely on the Java sandbox for security. LIMITING FACTORS: no authentication is needed (PR:N) but local access plus victim interaction and difficult-to-reproduce conditions sharply constrain real-world exploitation; server-side deployments that do not load untrusted code and the deprecated/removed applet-and-Web-Start model mean many modern JDK deployments are not meaningfully exposed.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-priority issue despite the 'Authentication Bypass' tag suggesting otherwise. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.7 (MEDIUM) is well-calibrated to the vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N: exploitation requires local logon to the infrastructure (AV:L), is difficult (AC:H), and depends on human interaction from a victim other than the attacker (UI:R). Impact is limited to integrity (I:H) with no confidentiality or availability consequences (C:N/A:N). No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public POC is present in the provided data, so the exploitation status is: no public exploit identified at time of analysis. SSVC-style signals reinforce low urgency - not automatable (requires human interaction and high attack complexity) and technical impact is partial (integrity only). The classic Oracle caveat applies: the flaw is most relevant to the increasingly rare sandboxed Java Web Start / applet deployment model that loads untrusted code. CONFLICT TO NOTE: the 'Authentication Bypass' tag contradicts the actual vector (PR:N already means no authentication is required, and the impact is integrity corruption, not auth circumvention) - treat the tag as inaccurate. The AV:L vector combined with the 'web service which supplies data to the APIs' note is also worth verifying with Oracle, as that phrasing can imply a remote data path even though Oracle scored it local.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with the ability to supply crafted data to a vulnerable Java SE API - for example via a local web service endpoint that feeds the affected Libraries component, or a sandboxed Java Web Start application / applet that loads attacker-controlled untrusted code - induces a victim to process that data. The high-complexity flaw is then triggered to corrupt, create, or delete critical application data. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the attack requires both a local vector and human interaction, making opportunistic exploitation unlikely.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 21, 2026

Oracle Java SE (Libraries component) can be induced to improperly allow modification of critical or otherwise protected data, giving an attacker an integrity-only impact across JDK 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1 and 27, plus Oracle GraalVM for JDK 17.0.20.1 / 21.0.12.1 and GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.19.1.1. Although the CVSS vector shows PR:N (no privileges required), exploitation is heavily constrained: the attacker must already have local logon access to the host running Java (AV:L), the attack is difficult to reproduce (AC:H), and it requires a user other than the attacker to interact with the malicious content (UI:R), yielding a 4.7 base score with no confidentiality or availability impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not in CISA KEV; real exposure is largely limited to deployments that execute untrusted code through Java APIs (for example a web service feeding data into the Libraries APIs) or legacy sandbox-dependent Java Web Start / applet scenarios. The third-party 'Authentication Bypass' tag should be treated with caution - the assessed vector describes a local, human-triggered integrity bug, not a remote authentication bypass.

RemediationAI

Apply the Oracle Critical Patch Update for October 2026 (https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html); the versions listed above (8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1, 27, and the corresponding GraalVM builds) are the affected releases, so upgrade to the patched JDK/GraalVM builds published in or after that CPU and verify the build number rather than assuming the latest update is installed. Where patching must wait, reduce exposure by eliminating the untrusted-code path this bug depends on: disable Java Web Start and applet execution and remove the browser plug-in on any remaining JDK 8 estates (side effect: legacy internal tools that still ship JNLP or applet front-ends will stop working and must be migrated), stop passing attacker-controlled data directly into library APIs exposed by web services and add input validation/deserialization filtering at that boundary (side effect: may break permissive-but-unsupported input formats). Because the vector is AV:L, tighten local logon on JVM hosts - remove interactive and RDP access for non-operators, enforce application allowlisting and least privilege so a logged-on low-privileged user cannot stage the required interaction, and monitor for suspicious JAR/JNLP drops in user-writable temp directories. Note these are compensating controls only; the integrity impact is fully resolved only by the vendor update.

Affected VersionsENISA

Oracle Java SE 27
Oracle Java SE 21.0.12.1
Oracle Java SE 8u503-perf
Oracle Java SE 25.0.4.1
Oracle Java SE 17.0.20.1
Oracle Java SE 11.0.32.1

Affected Packages

euvd oracle_java_se no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw sits in Oracle's 'Libraries' component - the core java.* class library surface that both the JDK itself and third-party applications call directly, including through APIs exposed by a web service that passes attacker-influenced data into library routines. Oracle's standard note is significant here: because the defect is reachable through public library APIs, applications that merely consume data from untrusted sources can inherit the risk even when the JDK is not obviously 'running untrusted code'. The classic threat model Oracle cites is the Java sandbox - sandboxed Java Web Start applications and sandboxed applets that load code from the internet and rely on the sandbox to confine it; a library-level defect that permits unauthorized creation, deletion or modification of data breaks that confinement assumption. No CWE is assigned in the source data, so root-cause classification must be inferred from the impact (integrity-only, C:N/I:H/A:N) and the sandbox framing rather than from an authoritative weakness category. Critically, AV:L means the attacker needs logon rights on the infrastructure where the JVM executes, AC:H reflects narrow timing/state or environment-dependent preconditions, and UI:R means a separate human must be social-engineered into an action - a combination that makes this a chained, post-compromise or client-side-only primitive rather than a network-exploitable flaw.

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Severity by source

Vendor (oracle) PRIMARY 4.7 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 4.7 MEDIUM

Oracle's vector is sound: local vector and difficult, interaction-dependent exploitation (AV:L/AC:H/UI:R), no authentication (PR:N), integrity-only impact (C:N/I:H/A:N).

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).

CVSS VectorVendor: oracle

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Vulnerability in Oracle Java SE (component: Libraries). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1, 27; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19.1.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Java SE executes to compromise Oracle Java SE. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Java SE accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 99% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Oracle Java SE/JDK runs across a huge fraction of enterprise and client environments
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

24
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +24
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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