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rdesktop EUVDEUVD-2026-104295

| CVE-2026-112278 HIGH
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2026-10-19 disclosure@vulncheck.com GHSA-f67q-4w46-jr64
7.1
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vulncheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Lure victim's rdesktop client to malicious RDP server
  2. Exploit
    Send raw bitmap cache order with oversized width/height/bpp
  3. Execution
    Trigger heap out-of-bounds read in process_raw_bmpcache()
  4. Impact
    Crash client (denial of service)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the rdesktop client (version ≤1.9.0) to establish an RDP session to an attacker-controlled or compromised server; the malicious server then sends a raw bitmap cache order with large width, height, and bpp fields but an undersized payload. The key limiting factors are: (1) the victim must initiate or accept a connection to the hostile server (UI:P - this is a server-to-client attack, not exploitable against a listening service); (2) impact is limited to crashing the client process with no code execution or data theft; and (3) only rdesktop is affected, not other RDP clients such as FreeRDP or mstsc.

Impact

This is a client-side denial-of-service vulnerability whose real-world priority is moderate-to-low despite the 7.1 CVSS. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H) correctly scopes the impact to availability only - VC:N and VI:N confirm there is no confidentiality or integrity consequence, so this is a crash, not a data-leak or code-execution bug, even though a 'Information Disclosure' tag is attached (see confidence_notes). The attack is network-borne and low-complexity but inverted from the usual model: it requires the victim's rdesktop client to connect to an attacker-controlled or compromised RDP server (UI:P), not an attacker reaching a server, which materially limits mass exploitation. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no SSVC decision data were provided, and no public exploit was identified - a technical write-up (hackmd) and an upstream fix PR exist but neither constitutes weaponized exploit code. Net: a legitimate bug worth patching for organizations running rdesktop, but it is a targeted client-crash issue rather than a widespread, automatable, high-impact threat; absence of KEV/EPSS signals means exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified from the data given.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker stands up or compromises an RDP server and lures a victim into connecting with rdesktop (e.g., a malicious .rdp link or a trojanized jump host). Once the client connects, the server sends a raw bitmap cache order declaring oversized width/height/bpp with a tiny payload, causing memcpy() in process_raw_bmpcache() to read past the receive buffer and crash the client. No public exploit code was identified, though a technical analysis write-up exists.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: Vendor states no customer action required.
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 19, 2026

Heap out-of-bounds read in rdesktop through 1.9.0's process_raw_bmpcache() lets a malicious RDP server crash the client by sending a raw bitmap cache order that declares large width, height, and bpp values with an undersized payload, causing memcpy() to read past the receive buffer. The attack is unauthenticated but requires the victim to connect to the hostile server (UI:R/UI:P per assessments), and impact is limited to client-side denial of service with no confidentiality or integrity loss. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the 7.1 CVSS 4.0 score reflects high availability impact only, making real-world priority moderate-to-low.

RemediationAI

Upstream fix is available as PR/commit #437 (https://github.com/rdesktop/rdesktop/pull/437); a released patched rdesktop version was not independently confirmed in the provided data, so deploy a build containing that PR or a vendor-patched package when published and verify with the VulnCheck advisory. Because exploitation is server-to-client, the primary compensating control is to connect only to trusted, allowlisted RDP hosts and avoid opening .rdp files or links supplied by untrusted parties; this blocks the attack but breaks ad-hoc connections. Restricting outbound TCP 3389 to a known allowlist provides network-level protection at the cost of operational flexibility. Running rdesktop as an unprivileged user inside a sandbox limits consequences to a client-process crash, though it may break clipboard, drive redirection, or audio features. In environments where rdesktop is not required, switching to another RDP client (e.g., FreeRDP or mstsc, not affected per the assessment) removes exposure entirely.

Affected VersionsENISA

rdesktop 0 ≤1.9.0

Affected Packages

euvd rdesktop no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

rdesktop is a legacy open-source RDP client; during a session the server can issue bitmap cache orders that the client parses in orders.c (process_raw_bmpcache) and decompresses via bitmap.c routines (bitmap_decompress1 through 4 and process_plane). The root cause is CWE-125: the declared bitmap dimensions and bpp are used to size the copy without verifying that the incoming order payload is large enough, so memcpy() reads past the receive buffer. The referenced upstream PR #437 hardens exactly this area: CVAL/CVAL2 accessors gain end-pointer checks, decoders propagate an input_error flag and return failure unless height0 and xwidth, process_plane validates size, code, collen/replen and width/indexw bounds, bitmap_decompress rejects non-positive width/height/size, Bpp outside 1-4, and integer overflow via width > INT_MAX/Bpp/height, and mppc.c adds dictionary-size and ctype checks.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (vulncheck) PRIMARY 7.1 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Malicious server reaches client over the network with no auth (AV:N/PR:N), but the victim must connect to the hostile server (UI:R); impact is client crash only, so C:N/I:N/A:H.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Red Hat 6.5 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (vulncheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: vulncheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Passive
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

rdesktop through 1.9.0 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in process_raw_bmpcache() in orders.c that allows malicious RDP servers to crash clients. Attackers can send a raw bitmap cache order declaring large width, height, and bpp values with a tiny payload, causing memcpy() to read past the receive buffer and crash the client.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A heap out-of-bounds read in rdesktop through 1.9.0 can crash the client when a user connects to a malicious RDP server, disrupting remote desktop access for affected staff. No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, with impact limited to client-side denial of service requiring user interaction. Leadership should focus on restricting connections to trusted RDP endpoints and planning migration or patch adoption.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Restrict rdesktop connections to trusted RDP servers, implement destination allowlisting, migrate to an alternative RDP client, and monitor for client crashes.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 84% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source RDP client, largely superseded by FreeRDP
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
Vendor states no customer action required
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

36
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Vendor StatusVendor

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