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F Prime (F´) EUVDEUVD-2026-101317

| CVE-2026-92160 MEDIUM
Integer Overflow or Wraparound (CWE-190)
2026-10-14 GitHub_M
6.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain SendPartial command authority
  2. Delivery
    Craft startOffset+length that wraps U32
  3. Exploit
    Wrapped sum bypasses range validation
  4. Execution
    First data-packet send reaches FW_ASSERT
  5. Impact
    Process aborts/resets (denial of service)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Integer overflow checks
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires all of: (1) a caller with authority to issue the Svc::FileDownlink SendPartial command (PR:L - not anonymous); (2) an existing on-board source file whose size is larger than the supplied startOffset; and (3) a SendPartial length value whose unsigned 32-bit (U32) sum with startOffset arithmetically wraps around, so the wrapped end offset passes range validation while leaving m_byteOffset greater than it. Limiting factors: the command-authority requirement means this is reachable only by an authorized or compromised commanding entity, not an unauthenticated network attacker, and only F´ builds prior to 4.3.0 that use the FileDownlink partial-send feature are affected. Impact is limited to a process abort/reset (availability only).

Impact

This is a moderate-severity denial-of-service issue, not a critical priority. The vendor CVSS vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) scores 6.5 with the impact confined entirely to availability (C:N/I:N) - no code execution or data exposure, consistent with the CWE-190 integer-overflow-to-FW_ASSERT abort described. The attack vector is marked network (AV:N) but PR:L confirms the attacker must already be an authorized caller able to issue the SendPartial command, which in an F´ deployment means holding command/uplink authority rather than being an anonymous internet attacker - this materially constrains real-world risk. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public exploit was provided in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; the signals are therefore internally consistent (moderate CVSS, availability-only, privilege-gated) rather than conflicting. The practical concern is that triggering it requires only a specific arithmetic condition (a length whose U32 sum with the offset wraps), making it easy to hit for anyone who already has command access, but the privilege precondition keeps this well below the urgency of an unauthenticated RCE.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An operator or compromised ground-segment entity with authority to issue the Svc::FileDownlink SendPartial command targets an on-board source file that is larger than the supplied startOffset, then provides a length value whose unsigned 32-bit sum with that offset wraps around. The crafted sum bypasses file-range validation and is stored as m_endOffset, so the first data-packet send hits FW_ASSERT and aborts or resets the flight-software process, denying the downlink service. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

Denial of service in NASA's F´ (F Prime) flight software framework before version 4.3.0, where an integer-overflow flaw in Svc::FileDownlink's SendPartial range validation lets a caller with command authority over the SendPartial command crash the running flight software process. When an on-board source file is larger than the supplied startOffset and the caller supplies a length whose unsigned 32-bit sum with that offset wraps, the wrapped value passes validation and is stored as m_endOffset while m_byteOffset remains larger, so the first data-packet send hits FW_ASSERT and aborts or resets the process. The issue is authenticated (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H), availability-only, fixed in 4.3.0; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: 4.3.0 - upgrade F´ to version 4.3.0 or later (release tag https://github.com/nasa/fprime/releases/tag/v4.3.0), which corrects the SendPartial offset arithmetic so wrapped U32 sums can no longer pass range validation; see advisory https://github.com/nasa/fprime/security/advisories/GHSA-8r3j-ghrh-55mw and fix references https://github.com/nasa/fprime/pull/5565, https://github.com/nasa/fprime/commit/33fe2a4fe3fd5ff1b14985669fbad09f070e9914, and https://github.com/nasa/fprime/commit/95eeb5cfb44e5609eff0887f0e11e640cdacef6b. Where an immediate flight-software rebuild is not possible, restrict who can issue Svc::FileDownlink SendPartial - enforce commanding authentication and least-privilege command ACLs so only trusted operators or ground tools hold that authority (this is the most effective compensating control given CVSS PR:L, since the flaw is not reachable anonymously; its trade-off is reduced flexibility for multi-operator or automated commanding setups). As a second measure, add ground-side validation that rejects any SendPartial startOffset/length pair whose U32 sum exceeds 2^32 or whose end offset exceeds the actual file size before the command is uplinked, accepting that this protects only against well-behaved ground tooling and not against a compromised or malicious commanding path. If partial file downlink is not operationally required, disable or remove the SendPartial command from the build; the side effect is loss of resumable/partial file retrieval, which also degrades recovery bandwidth efficiency after link interruptions. Note that because the impact is a process abort or reset, watchdog or autonomous-recovery configurations may restore the system, but a transient loss of the affected software's services should be expected while it restarts.

Affected VersionsENISA

fprime < 4.3.0

Affected Packages

euvd fprime fix: 4.3.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

F´ (F Prime) is a NASA open-source component-based framework for spaceflight and embedded systems, in which components such as Svc::FileDownlink expose ground-commandable commands over the flight software command interface. The root cause is CWE-190 (integer overflow or wraparound) in the SendPartial range validation: the offset arithmetic is performed in U32, so a startOffset plus length combination that exceeds 2^32 wraps to a small end offset. That wrapped end offset satisfies the range check and is committed to the state member m_endOffset, while m_byteOffset (the current read position derived from startOffset) is left strictly greater than the wrapped end. The inconsistency is only reachable when an actual source file on the flight system is larger than startOffset, so the read path proceeds far enough to emit a packet and trip FW_ASSERT, terminating or resetting the process rather than returning a rejected-command error. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:nasa:fprime:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covers the framework branch prior to the 4.3.0 fix, and ENISA EUVD-2026-101317 independently records the affected range as fprime < 4.3.0. Fix references published with the 4.3.0 release include commits 33fe2a4fe3fd5ff1b14985669fbad09f070e9914 and 95eeb5cfb44e5609eff0887f0e11e640cdacef6b and PR 5565; that PR's public diff also carries defensive input-validation hardening in adjacent F´ components (rejecting out-of-range microseconds on Fw::Time deserialization, returning surplus bytes to the caller in Svc::Ccsds::AosDeframer, and fixing an assert counter under NDEBUG in AssertFatalAdapter), which is consistent with the same validate-before-use theme but is not itself the FileDownlink SendPartial fix.

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

SendPartial is invoked over the command uplink (AV:N) by an authorized commander (PR:L), the wrap condition is deterministic (AC:L), and the only effect is a process abort (C:N/I:N/A:H).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

1
Patch available
Oct 14, 2026 - 18:05 EUVD

DescriptionCVE.org

F´ (F Prime) is a framework that enables development and deployment of spaceflight and other embedded software applications. Prior to 4.3.0, Svc::FileDownlink SendPartial range validation is vulnerable because the wrapping sum bypasses file-range validation, becomes m_endOffset, and leaves m_byteOffset greater than the wrapped end offset. When an existing source file is larger than the supplied startOffset and a caller able to issue SendPartial supplies a length whose U32 sum with that offset wraps, the first data-packet send reaches FW_ASSERT and aborts or resets the process, causing denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 4.3.0.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 74% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
NASA F´ spaceflight framework; niche aerospace/embedded, no enterprise footprint
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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