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Windows Storage VSP Driver EUVDEUVD-2026-100036

| CVE-2026-85872 HIGH
Use After Free (CWE-416)
2026-10-13 secure@microsoft.com GHSA-737m-37qr-q429
7.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as local low-privileged user
  2. Delivery
    Trigger use-after-free in Storage VSP driver
  3. Exploit
    Win race to reclaim freed kernel object
  4. Execution
    Execute attacker-controlled code in kernel context
  5. Impact
    Elevate to SYSTEM privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires the attacker to already have local, authenticated low-privileged code execution on the target Windows host (PR:L, AV:L); remote exploitation is not possible. Exploitation further depends on triggering and winning a use-after-free race condition in the Storage VSP driver, reflected by AC:H, which limits reliability and makes repeated or automated exploitation difficult (SSVC Automatable=no). No user interaction is needed (UI:N). The affected component is a default-present Windows storage virtualization driver, so no non-default feature or configuration is required beyond standard local access.

Impact

This is a locally-exploitable use-after-free (CWE-416) in the Windows Storage VSP driver rated CVSS 7.8. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates an authenticated local attacker with high attack complexity can achieve full confidentiality, integrity and availability impact with a scope change - consistent with a kernel-mode privilege escalation from a low-privileged account to SYSTEM. The signals converge on a moderate-priority patch rather than an emergency: CISA's SSVC framework reports Exploitation=none, Automatable=no, and Technical Impact=total, meaning high damage potential but no evidence of active exploitation and no reliable mass-automation path. There is no CISA KEV listing and no public proof-of-concept provided in the input, so this is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' The AC:H metric (reflecting a race condition typical of UAF) and the local-only attack vector materially reduce real-world exploitability versus the raw 7.8 'High' label. No conflicting signals were found: the description's 'elevate privileges locally' matches AV:L and PR:L. The main caveat is that the only reference is the Microsoft MSRC update-guide page, which was not independently parsed here, so exact patch build details rely on the EUVD version data.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who already has the ability to run low-privileged code on a Windows host (e.g., a standard user account or a compromised sandboxed process) interacts with the Storage VSP driver to trigger a use-after-free and wins the associated timing race to reclaim the freed kernel object with attacker-controlled data. Successful exploitation yields code execution in kernel context, escalating to SYSTEM. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the high attack complexity (race condition) makes reliable exploitation non-trivial.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

A local privilege escalation vulnerability in the Windows Storage VSP (Virtual Storage Provider) driver allows a low-privileged, authenticated attacker with existing code execution on a Windows host to elevate to SYSTEM-level privileges by triggering a use-after-free race condition in the driver. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server platforms, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H2 and Windows Server 2016 through Windows Server 2025, and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8. Exploitation is difficult because it depends on winning a race condition (AC:H) and the CISA SSVC assessment rates it as not automatable with no known exploitation, so no public exploit code or active in-the-wild abuse has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: Microsoft has published fixes in its update guide for CVE-2026-85872 (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85872). Apply the latest cumulative update for each affected platform to reach at least the fixed builds listed in the affected products information - for example Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.9612, Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.9376, Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.5761, Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.33650, Windows 10 21H2/22H2 10.0.19044.7807, Windows 11 23H2 10.0.22631.7652, Windows 11 24H2 10.0.26100.9711, Windows 11 26H2 10.0.26300.9711, and Windows 11 26H1 10.0.28000.3231. Because exploitation requires an attacker to already hold low-privileged local code execution, organizations should treat patching as the primary control while also hardening the local attack surface: enforce least privilege, restrict interactive logon and remote desktop access to trusted administrators, monitor for unexpected driver interactions and process token elevation, and apply application allowlisting to prevent untrusted code from running locally. There are no documented feature-level workarounds for this default-present driver; disabling the storage virtualization stack would break virtual disk and VSP-dependent functionality, so it is not a recommended compensating control.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 16 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is a use-after-free (CWE-416) in the Windows Storage VSP driver, a kernel-mode component that supports storage virtualization and virtual disk handling in Windows. A use-after-free occurs when the driver frees an internal object - such as a request, buffer, or device context - but continues to reference it, so an attacker who can influence the driver's memory lifecycle may reclaim the freed allocation and redirect execution. Because the VSP driver runs in kernel mode, successful corruption of its state can be leveraged to escalate from a low-privileged local user to kernel/SYSTEM privileges. The affected code is present by default across all listed Windows releases, so no optional feature must be enabled, but exploitation still requires local, authenticated access to the target (CVSS AV:L/PR:L) and the ability to win a timing-dependent race (AC:H). The CVSS vector's scope change (S:C) reflects that a successful exploit crosses a security boundary from user to kernel context.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

Local access by a low-privileged user (AV:L/PR:L), high complexity from the UAF race (AC:H), no interaction, and kernel compromise crossing a trust boundary (S:C) with full C/I/A impact.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Use after free in Windows Storage VSP Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Microsoft Windows systems from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H2 and Windows Server 2016 through Windows Server 2025 are affected by a high-severity local privilege-escalation flaw in the Storage VSP driver that could allow an attacker with existing code execution to gain SYSTEM-level control. Although exploitation is difficult and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, the broad platform coverage and elevated privileges at stake make timely patching an important fleet-wide risk-reduction priority. Leadership should ensure patching and detection coverage because a successful attack could lead to full host compromise and lateral movement.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 85% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
core Windows kernel driver shipped across all supported Windows editions
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

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