Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Lifecycle Timeline
6DescriptionCVE.org
Synway SMG Gateway Management Software contains an OS command injection vulnerability in the RADIUS configuration endpoint at /en/9-2radius.php where the radius_address POST parameter is split and interpolated directly into a sed command without sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can inject arbitrary shell commands by submitting a POST request with crafted radius_address, radius_address2, shared_secret2, source_ip, timeout, or retry parameters along with save=1 and enable_radius=1 to achieve remote code execution. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-07-11 (UTC).
AnalysisAI
Remote code execution in Synway SMG Gateway Management Software allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via command injection in the RADIUS configuration endpoint. The vulnerability exploits unsanitized POST parameters (radius_address, radius_address2, shared_secret2, source_ip, timeout, retry) that are directly interpolated into sed commands at /en/9-2radius.php. Shadowserver Foundation confirmed active exploitation beginning July 11, 2025, with publicly available exploit code and Nuclei templates enabling widespread automated attacks. CVSS 9.3 critical severity reflects the combination of network accessibility, zero authentication requirements, and complete system compromise potential.
Technical ContextAI
The vulnerability exists in the RADIUS authentication configuration module of Synway SMG Gateway Management Software, specifically at the /en/9-2radius.php endpoint. This is a classic OS command injection (CWE-78) where user-supplied input from POST parameters is passed unsanitized to the sed stream editor command in a shell context. The PHP application splits the radius_address parameter and directly interpolates it into a sed command without proper escaping or validation. When combined with save=1 and enable_radius=1 parameters, the crafted input executes in the underlying operating system shell with the privileges of the web server process. The CPE identifier (cpe:2.3:a:synway_information_engineering_co.,_ltd.:synway_smg_gateway_management_software) indicates this affects Synway's gateway management platform used for Session Management Gateway and telecommunications applications.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch or security advisory has been identified from Synway Information Engineering at time of analysis despite confirmed active exploitation since July 2025. Organizations must implement immediate compensating controls: (1) Block external access to the management interface at /en/9-2radius.php and all administrative endpoints, restricting access only from trusted management networks via firewall rules or reverse proxy ACLs - this prevents unauthenticated remote exploitation but does not address insider threats or compromised management networks; (2) Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block command injection patterns in POST parameters radius_address, radius_address2, shared_secret2, source_ip, timeout, and retry, specifically monitoring for shell metacharacters (semicolons, pipes, backticks, dollar signs) - note that sophisticated attackers may bypass signature-based detection; (3) If RADIUS authentication is not operationally required, disable the RADIUS configuration module entirely and remove /en/9-2radius.php from the web root; (4) Implement network segmentation to isolate Synway SMG gateways from critical infrastructure and enforce strict egress filtering to prevent command-and-control communications. Monitor Synway's official site (https://www.synway.net/) and VulnCheck advisory for vendor patch releases. Given the telecommunications infrastructure role of these devices, coordinate remediation with change management to avoid service disruption while prioritizing security.
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Same weakness CWE-78 – OS Command Injection
View allSame technique Command Injection
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2025-209597