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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged local user
  2. Delivery
    Craft malicious NTFS operation/input
  3. Exploit
    Trigger out-of-bounds read in NTFS driver
  4. Execution
    Read adjacent memory contents
  5. Impact
    Disclose sensitive information

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already be an authenticated local user with low privileges on the target Windows host (PR:L, AV:L) and to supply crafted input that drives the NTFS driver into an out-of-bounds read; no user interaction by another party is needed (UI:N). Limiting factors: there is no remote vector - the attacker must first obtain local code execution or an interactive session, and CISA SSVC assesses the flaw as not automatable with only partial technical impact, so it functions as an information-disclosure primitive (e.g., leaking adjacent memory) rather than a direct path to code execution or privilege escalation. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server builds below the patched versions listed in the EUVD data.

Impact

This is a genuine but low-priority vulnerability. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, base 5.5 MEDIUM) describes a locally-exploitable, low-complexity flaw requiring an already-authenticated low-privileged user, yielding high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability impact - consistent with memory-disclosure from an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the NTFS driver. Every corroborating signal points to low real-world urgency rather than high-CVSS-but-overrated: SSVC from CISA rates Exploitation as 'none', Automatable as 'no', and Technical Impact as only 'partial', and there is no CISA KEV listing and no public proof-of-concept. No EPSS score was provided in the input, so probabilistic exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified here. The signals are mutually consistent (no conflicts): local-only vector plus required privileges plus 'not automatable' plus info-disclosure-only impact all indicate this is a privilege-limited information-leak useful mainly as a secondary step (e.g., defeating ASLR or reading adjacent kernel/file-system memory), not a standalone remote compromise. Priority: patch in normal cycles; it is not an emergency.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privileged local user who already has code execution on the host runs a crafted program that forces the NTFS driver to perform an out-of-bounds read, returning adjacent memory contents to the attacker. The leaked data could expose sensitive kernel or file-system memory usable to bypass mitigations or escalate a broader attack chain. No public exploit code has been identified, and exploitation requires prior local authenticated access and attacker-supplied triggering input.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

An out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS file system driver (ntfs.sys) lets an authenticated local user with low privileges read memory contents beyond an allocated buffer, resulting in local information disclosure (CWE-125, CVSS 3.1 5.5). Only hosts that have not applied Microsoft's current cumulative updates are affected; the EUVD data lists a broad range of client and server branches below their respective fixed builds (?fix versions include Windows 11 23H2 10.0.22631.7652, 24H2 10.0.26100.9711, 25H2 10.0.26200.9711, Windows 10 1607/Server 2016 10.0.14393.9612, and Windows 10 1809/Server 2019 10.0.17763.9376). There is no remote vector and CISA SSVC rates the flaw as non-automatable with only partial technical impact, and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, so this is a genuine but low-priority disclosure primitive rather than a path to privilege escalation.

RemediationAI

Apply the Microsoft vendor patch; patch availability is confirmed as available from the vendor, so the primary action is to install the current cumulative update for each affected branch via Windows Update, WSUS, Windows Update for Business or the Microsoft Update Catalog, following the guidance in the MSRC advisory for CVE-2026-96927 (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-96927). The EUVD data associates the following fixed builds with their branches and should be used to verify patch compliance: Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2016 at 10.0.14393.9612; Windows 10 1809 and Windows Server 2019 at 10.0.17763.9376; Windows 10 21H2/22H2 at 10.0.19044.7807 (verify the 22H2 build against MSRC given the inconsistency in the feed); Windows 11 23H2 at 10.0.22631.7652; Windows 11 24H2 at 10.0.26100.9711; Windows 11 25H2 at 10.0.26200.9711; Windows 11 26H1 at 10.0.28000.3231; Windows 11 26H2 at 10.0.26300.9711; Windows Server 2022 at 10.0.20348.5761; Windows Server 2025 at 10.0.26100.33650; Windows Server 2012 at 6.2.9200.26434; and Windows Server 2012 R2 at 6.3.9600.23470. Because the attack requires an already-authenticated low-privileged local user (PR:L/AV:L) and there is no remote vector, there is no meaningful network-layer mitigation such as blocking a port or filtering a protocol endpoint; the practical compensating controls are to enforce least privilege by removing interactive logon and local code-execution rights from non-administrative accounts, restrict who can run untrusted binaries or mount/parse attacker-supplied NTFS images on production hosts, and use application allow-listing or WDAC to prevent execution of unvetted local code - all of which carry the trade-off of reduced administrative flexibility and possible friction for legitimate local workloads. Endpoint detection should focus on the disclosure primitive rather than a remote exploit chain, and because SSVC rates the flaw as non-automatable with partial technical impact and no public exploit code has been identified, remediation can follow the normal monthly patch cadence rather than an emergency out-of-band response; note that at time of analysis no vendor-released mitigation other than the security update is documented, and disabling NTFS itself is not a viable control on Windows.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is Microsoft's NTFS kernel-mode file system driver (ntfs.sys) that parses on-disk NTFS metadata (boot sector, $MFT and related system-file records) on behalf of Windows. The root cause class is CWE-125, Out-of-bounds Read: a length or offset value derived from crafted NTFS input is not validated against the bounds of the target buffer before being used as a read size/index, so the driver copies or returns kernel memory located past the end of the intended structure. Because the vector is CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, the primitive is read-only from a local context: the attacker must already be an authenticated low-privileged local user (PR:L, AV:L) capable of supplying crafted file system input, no second-party interaction is required (UI:N), and confidentiality impact is rated High while integrity and availability are unaffected. The CPE/version data from the EUVD feed enumerates the full Windows product family (Windows 10 1607/1809/21H2/22H2, Windows 11 23H2/24H2/25H2/26H1/26H2, Windows Server 2012, 2012 R2, 2016, 2019, 2022 and 2025 in both full and Server Core installations), confirming that the same driver code ships across client and server branches. Independent assessment concurs with the vendor vector and adds that there is no remote attack surface, the flaw is not automatable, and technical impact is partial - memory disclosure of adjacent kernel data (useful as an ASLR/address-leak primitive in a chained exploit) rather than direct code execution. The reported source is secure@microsoft.com, and the only tags supplied are Buffer Overflow, Information Disclosure and Microsoft.

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

Local NTFS driver interaction by an authenticated low-priv user (AV:L, PR:L, AC:L, UI:N); out-of-bounds read discloses memory (C:H) with no integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:22 cve.org
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionCVE.org

Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 78% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
NTFS is the default file system across virtually all Windows installations
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

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