EUVD-2026-78838
GHSA-mmrg-2gjg-78x9
Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Universal hard-coded key allows any remote unauthenticated attacker to forge tokens (PR:N, AC:L), yielding OS command execution as the Asterisk user (C:H/I:H/A:H, S:U in-process).
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
The Issabel Framework, the web framework supporting Issabel PBX software, before commit b97dbaf contains a hard-coded HS256 JWT signing key in the pbxapi index.php file that is identical across every installation, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to forge valid bearer tokens. Attackers can use the forged token to call the manager originate endpoint with the System application parameter, causing Asterisk to execute arbitrary OS commands as the Asterisk user. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2026-09-09.
AnalysisAI
Unauthenticated remote command execution in Issabel Framework (the web framework bundled with Issabel PBX) lets any attacker who can reach the pbxapi endpoint forge valid HS256 JSON Web Tokens, because the signing key was a fixed string identical on every installation prior to commit b97dbaf0b71c1c36f841e672b664afbeb02773bd. With a forged bearer token the attacker calls the Asterisk manager originate endpoint using the System application parameter, causing Asterisk to execute arbitrary operating-system commands as the unprivileged Asterisk service user. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | No special conditions - remote unauthenticated exploitation against default configurations of Issabel Framework (pbxapi) before commit b97dbaf, because the HS256 JWT signing key was a fixed string identical on every installation, enabling offline token forgery. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | This is a genuine top-priority vulnerability, not an inflated high-CVSS score. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | Full exploit scenario with step-by-step reproduction available after sign-in. |
| Remediation | Apply the upstream fix at commit b97dbaf0b71c1c36f841e672b664afbeb02773bd (https://github.com/IssabelFoundation/framework/commit/b97dbaf0b71c1c36f841e672b664afbeb02773bd); this is an upstream commit fix and a separately tagged, packaged patched release was not independently confirmed, so verify the deployed file content rather than relying on a version string. … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours, inventory every Issabel PBX instance in the estate and determine which expose the pbxapi endpoint to untrusted networks; where the vendor fix cannot be applied immediately, block or IP-restrict that endpoint at the perimeter and firewall, and search PBX and web logs for forged HS256 bearer tokens and Asterisk manager 'originate' calls using the System application parameter. …
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External POC / Exploit Code
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