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Apple iOS CVE-2026-86959

| EUVDEUVD-2026-104733 MEDIUM
Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
2026-10-20 apple GHSA-77qf-m27w-cvvj
4.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: apple
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Deliver crafted image to victim
  2. Exploit
    Victim's device processes image
  3. Execution
    Trigger input-validation flaw in parser
  4. Impact
    Unexpected process termination (DoS)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the victim to process a maliciously crafted image on an affected Apple OS (iOS/iPadOS before 26.7/27, or macOS before 15.8/26.7/27), i.e. the image must be opened or automatically parsed by the system's image-handling code. The CVSS UI:R metric confirms required user interaction, which is the primary limiting factor: the attacker cannot trigger the flaw without the victim rendering the attacker-supplied image. The only outcome is unexpected process termination (denial of service) - there is no path to code execution or data access per the available data. Updating to the fixed versions is the vendor's remedy; no other mitigation is stated in the sources.

Impact

This is a low-severity denial-of-service issue, not a high-priority emergency. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L) confirms the only impact is limited availability (A:L) - unexpected process termination - with no confidentiality or integrity loss, and it requires user interaction (UI:R) to process a malicious image. All exploitation signals point the same direction and reinforce low urgency: EPSS is only 0.15% (4th percentile), the issue is NOT in CISA KEV, and no public exploit code or PoC reference is present in the input (only Apple advisories and the NVD page). The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month,' consistent with a patchable, low-impact bug rather than act_now/emergency. One data conflict must be flagged explicitly: the input Tags include 'Information Disclosure,' but the CVSS vector sets C:N and the description states only process termination - the impact is availability (DoS), so the Information Disclosure label appears mislabeled and should not drive triage. Net assessment: a genuine but low-risk crash bug in ubiquitous Apple platforms; patch on normal cadence.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malformed image and delivers it via a web page, message, or email so that the victim's iOS/iPadOS or macOS device processes it. When the image is parsed, improper input validation (CWE-20) causes the handling process to terminate unexpectedly, producing a denial of service with no code execution or data exposure. No public exploit code or PoC was identified in the available sources.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 30, 2026

Unexpected process termination in Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS image handling can be triggered when a user processes a maliciously crafted image, affecting iOS/iPadOS before 26.7 and before 27 and macOS before Sequoia 15.8, Tahoe 26.7, and Golden Gate 27. The CVSS 3.1 vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L, so the victim must interact with the image and the only assessed impact is low availability loss, with no confidentiality or integrity impact; EPSS is 0.15% (4th percentile) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: update to iOS 26.7 or 27, iPadOS 26.7 or 27, macOS Sequoia 15.8, macOS Tahoe 26.7, or macOS Golden Gate 27 as applicable. Apple's advisories are https://support.apple.com/en-us/149034, https://support.apple.com/en-us/149035, https://support.apple.com/en-us/149041, https://support.apple.com/en-us/149042, and https://support.apple.com/en-us/149043. No vendor-stated workaround or compensating control is provided in the available sources; updating is the stated remedy, and because exploitation requires a user to process a malicious image, exposure is limited to that interaction path.

Affected VersionsENISA

iOS and iPadOS 0 <27
macOS 0 <15.8
macOS 0 <27
iOS and iPadOS 0 <26.7
macOS 0 <26.7

Affected Packages

euvd ios_and_ipados fix: 26.7, 27
euvd macos fix: 15.8, 26.7, 27

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Apple's image-processing code fails to properly validate crafted image input (CWE-20), and processing such an image can cause the affected process to terminate unexpectedly. The affected CPEs are cpe:2.3:a:apple:ios_and_ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* and cpe:2.3:a:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, covering the iOS/iPadOS and macOS branches listed in the EUVD affected-version data. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity issue that requires user interaction, has no privilege requirement, and is limited to low availability impact with scope unchanged. The specific image parser or code component and the exact trigger beyond processing a malicious image are not described in the available sources; the input tags mention information disclosure, but the description, vector (C:N/I:N), and independent assessment do not describe any data disclosure or code execution.

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Severity by source

Vendor (apple) PRIMARY 4.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

Malicious image is delivered remotely (AV:N) but must be processed by the victim (UI:R); no auth needed (PR:N); impact is a crash only (A:L, C/I:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (apple).

CVSS VectorVendor: apple

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Oct 30, 2026 - 20:23 NVD
4.3 (MEDIUM)
Patch available
Oct 20, 2026 - 02:01 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 20, 2026 - 00:50 cve.org
MEDIUM 4.3
CVE Published
Oct 20, 2026 - 00:50 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)

DescriptionCVE.org

An input validation issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26.7, iOS 27 and iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS Sequoia 15.8, macOS Tahoe 26.7. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to unexpected process termination.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 96% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Apple iOS, iPadOS and macOS run on hundreds of millions of devices
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
High

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0
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