Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
AC:H captures the required attack precondition (FormData with JSON serialisation and attacker-controlled field names); availability impact is Low as crashes are catchable.
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
4Blast Radius
ecosystem impact- 39 npm packages depend on axios (18 direct, 21 indirect)
Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 0.28.0.
DescriptionCVE.org
axios versions from 0.28.0 before 0.33.0 and from 1.0.0 before 1.18.0 contain uncontrolled recursion in formDataToJSON (exposed as axios.formToJSON() and used internally when serializing FormData with Content-Type: application/json). When an application passes attacker-controlled FormData field names, a field name with thousands of nested bracket-delimited segments causes unbounded recursion in buildPath(), exhausting the JavaScript call stack (RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded) and causing denial of service for that request, or process termination in applications without appropriate error handling.
AnalysisAI
Uncontrolled recursion in axios's formDataToJSON helper allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to exhaust the JavaScript call stack and deny service to affected Node.js applications. axios versions 0.28.0 through 0.32.x and 1.0.0 through 1.17.x are affected wherever attacker-controlled FormData field names are deserialized with Content-Type: application/json, causing a RangeError that kills the request or terminates the process. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the GHSA advisory discloses sufficient technical detail - including the exact vulnerable function and the attack payload pattern - for independent reproduction; fixed releases 0.33.0 and 1.18.0 are available.
Technical ContextAI
axios is among the most widely deployed HTTP client libraries in the JavaScript ecosystem, available on npm (cpe:2.3:a:axios:axios). The vulnerable code lives in lib/helpers/formDataToJSON.js, introduced in version 0.28.0. The function parsePropPath() tokenises a FormData field name like a[x][x][x] into an array of path segments, then buildPath() recurses one call per segment to reconstruct a nested object - with no depth guard. This violates CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption): an adversary supplies a field name with thousands of bracket-delimited segments, forcing thousands of recursive stack frames until the JavaScript engine throws RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded. The symmetric inverse helper toFormData already enforces a maxDepth guard and raises AxiosError ERR_FORM_DATA_DEPTH_EXCEEDED, but this protection was never applied to formDataToJSON. The attack surface activates only when axios serialises FormData with Content-Type: application/json, either via direct calls to axios.formToJSON() or via the default transformRequest pipeline when that content-type is set.
RemediationAI
The primary fix is upgrading axios to version 0.33.0 (for the 0.x line) or 1.18.0 (for the 1.x line), as documented in the GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-pmv8-rq9r-6j72 and implemented in upstream pull requests https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/11000 and https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/11001. These releases introduce a depth guard in buildPath() analogous to the existing maxDepth protection in toFormData. If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, the principal compensating control is to validate and reject FormData field names containing deeply nested bracket sequences before they reach axios - for example, stripping or refusing any key where the bracket-segment count exceeds a safe threshold (e.g., 20). A second workaround is to avoid setting Content-Type: application/json when submitting FormData, which prevents the vulnerable formDataToJSON code path from being invoked; however, this may change application behaviour if JSON serialisation of form data is intentional. Wrapping axios calls in try/catch with process.uncaughtException handlers prevents process termination but does not prevent per-request DoS. None of the workarounds are substitutes for upgrading.
NO_PROXY protection bypass in Axios HTTP client (versions 1.0.0-1.15.0 and ≤0.31.0) lets an attacker who controls a requ
JSON response tampering in the Axios HTTP client (versions 1.0.0 up to but not including 1.15.2) lets an attacker who ca
Prototype pollution via the Node.js HTTP adapter in axios allows an attacker who controls `Object.prototype.proxy` to si
axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and node.js. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.7), this vulnerability is
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is
Axios versions up to 0.30.3 is affected by improper check for unusual or exceptional conditions (CVSS 7.5).
axios 1.7.2 allows SSRF via unexpected behavior where requests for path relative URLs get processed as protocol relative
axios is vulnerable to Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is
Axios up to and including 0.18.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) by continuing to acce
Prototype pollution in Axios HTTP client versions before 1.15.1 and 0.31.1 enables silent interception and modification
Denial of service in Axios HTTP client before versions 1.15.1 and 0.31.1 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to cras
Prototype pollution in Axios library versions prior to 1.15.1 and 0.31.1 allows remote attackers to suppress HTTP error
Same weakness CWE-400 – Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
View allSame technique Denial Of Service
View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Moderate| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Python 3 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 16.0 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Python 3 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server LTS 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE CaaS Platform 4.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 6 | Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7 | Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-ESPOS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SAP Applications 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-BCL | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-BCL | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.2 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.3 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | Affected |
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-51830
GHSA-4ww2-rjh2-xpv9