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Linux Kernel CVE-2026-64112

| EUVDEUVD-2026-45797 HIGH
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition (CWE-367)
2026-07-19 Linux GHSA-559g-j59r-pxg6
7.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: Linux
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Gain local access to Ceph rbd host
  2. Delivery
    Issue I/O on mapped rbd image
  3. Exploit
    Unmap image to race lock_dwork drain
  4. Install
    maybe_kick_acquire requeues lock work
  5. C2
    rbd_acquire_lock runs on freed state
  6. Execute
    Assertion failure / use-after-free
  7. Impact
    Kernel panic (DoS)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture TOCTOU prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the affected host to actually use the Ceph rbd driver with at least one mapped RADOS block device, and requires the attacker to be able to perform or influence rbd map/unmap operations while concurrent I/O is outstanding - the race is between lock_dwork draining during rbd_dev_image_unlock() and its requeue via maybe_kick_acquire(). Limiting factors: it is local-only (AV:L), it needs the privilege to map/unmap rbd images (typically root/CAP_SYS_ADMIN, not an unprivileged user despite the input vector's PR:L), it needs a precise timing window (a hard-to-win TOCTOU race, not a deterministic trigger), and it is inapplicable on systems where the rbd module is never loaded. There is no remote or unauthenticated path.

Impact

The supplied CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, 7.8 HIGH) reflects local access with low privileges and full CIA impact, but several signals argue for a lower real-world priority. EPSS is only 0.17% (6th percentile), the vulnerability is not on CISA KEV, and no POC is referenced - so this is not confirmed actively exploited. The bug is a race that requires the ability to map/unmap Ceph rbd images (an operation typically requiring root/CAP_SYS_ADMIN) plus precise timing against concurrent I/O and an unmap, which realistically pushes attack complexity higher and privileges higher than the AC:L/PR:L in the input vector suggests. The most reliably reachable outcome is a kernel oops/panic (denial of service) via the violated rbd_assert; broader confidentiality/integrity impact via use-after-free is plausible but not demonstrated. Note a data conflict: the intelligence Tags label this 'Information Disclosure', while the CVSS and description point to a memory-safety/DoS race - verify impact classification with the vendor. Overall: a legitimate correctness bug worth patching in Ceph-backed hosts, but low urgency absent exploitation evidence.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local user with the privilege to manage Ceph rbd devices repeatedly issues I/O against a mapped image and then unmaps it, racing the lock_dwork cancellation so a lock-acquisition work item runs after the device is torn down. Winning the race dereferences freed rbd_device state, tripping the format-validity assertion and crashing the kernel (DoS), with a possibility of exploitable memory corruption. No public POC is referenced, and the local, timing-dependent nature makes reliable exploitation difficult.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 20, 2026

Local privilege-holder-triggered use-after-free in the Linux kernel's RADOS block device (rbd) driver allows a kernel crash and potential memory corruption when a Ceph rbd image is unmapped concurrently with in-flight I/O. A TOCTOU race in the exclusive-lock delayed-work (lock_dwork) draining logic lets rbd_acquire_lock() run after the device has been released and its structures freed or reset, violating internal assertions such as rbd_image_format_valid() in rbd_dev_header_info(). No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.17%), consistent with a hard-to-win kernel race rather than a broadly weaponizable flaw.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: update to Linux kernel 6.12.92, 6.18.34, 7.0.11, or 7.1 (or later) on the respective stable branches, which contain the corrected exclusive-lock task draining (fix commits 3427d7ae38337066ce88b68302e285d344ab756b, 9dcd4f5c99b491c37be90b0bd9988db48225fb75, 9400efc76b42c751211974a25c91d2c19c65b01b, and 9fc75b71fdd38465c76c6f6a884cdd4ae3c72d90 at https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/). Apply your distribution's corresponding kernel update and reboot. Where immediate patching is not possible, the practical compensating control is operational: only expose Ceph rbd map/unmap to trusted administrators and avoid unmapping images while heavy I/O is in flight, since the race is triggered around the unmap path - the trade-off is reduced operational flexibility rather than a true fix. Hosts that do not use Ceph rbd (the driver is not loaded) are not exposed and need no workaround.

Affected VersionsENISA

Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <9dcd4f5c99b491c37be90b0bd9988db48225fb75
Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <3427d7ae38337066ce88b68302e285d344ab756b
Linux 0 <6.18.34
Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <9fc75b71fdd38465c76c6f6a884cdd4ae3c72d90
Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <9400efc76b42c751211974a25c91d2c19c65b01b
Linux patch: 6.18.34
Linux patch: 7.0.11
Linux patch: 7.1
Linux 0 <6.12.92
Linux 0 <7.0.11
Linux patch: 6.12.92

Affected Packages

euvd linux fix: 6.12.92, 6.18.34, 7.0.11

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is the kernel's rbd driver (drivers/block/rbd.c), which exposes Ceph RADOS block devices as local block devices and coordinates cluster-wide access using a Ceph exclusive lock. Lock acquisition is deferred to a workqueue item (lock_dwork). The root cause is a time-of-check/time-of-use race: maybe_kick_acquire() checks delayed_work_pending() and then calls mod_delayed_work() non-atomically, so lock_dwork can be canceled (by rbd_dev_image_unlock during unmap) and immediately requeued. Because the driver assumes no self-initiated exclusive-lock activity occurs after rbd_dev_image_unlock(), a requeued lock_dwork can execute after rbd_dev_device_release()/rbd_dev_image_release() have freed and reset device state, producing a use-after-free (CWE-416) driven by a race condition (CWE-362). CWE is listed as N/A in the source data, so this class attribution is inferred from the description.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (Linux) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 5.2 MEDIUM

Triggering requires privileged rbd map/unmap access (PR:H) and winning a narrow timing race (AC:H); impact is chiefly a kernel crash (A:H) with limited corruption-driven C/I:L.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE HIGH
Red Hat 5.5 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (Linux).

CVSS VectorVendor: Linux

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Jul 20, 2026 - 15:22 NVD
7.8 (HIGH)
Patch available
Jul 19, 2026 - 17:03 EUVD
CVE Published
Jul 19, 2026 - 15:40 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)
CVE Published
Jul 19, 2026 - 15:40 cve.org
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

rbd: eliminate a race in lock_dwork draining on unmap

Given how rbd_lock_add_request() and rbd_img_exclusive_lock() are written, lock_dwork may be (re)queued more than it's actually needed: for example in case a new I/O request comes in while we are in the middle of rbd_acquire_lock() on behalf of another I/O request. This is expected and with rbd_release_lock() preemptively canceling lock_dwork is benign under normal operation.

A more problematic example is maybe_kick_acquire():

if (have_requests || delayed_work_pending(&rbd_dev->lock_dwork)) { dout("%s rbd_dev %p kicking lock_dwork\n", __func__, rbd_dev); mod_delayed_work(rbd_dev->task_wq, &rbd_dev->lock_dwork, 0); }

It's not unrealistic for lock_dwork to get canceled right after delayed_work_pending() returns true and for mod_delayed_work() to requeue it right there anyway. This is a classic TOCTOU race.

When it comes to unmapping the image, there is an implicit assumption of no self-initiated exclusive lock activity past the point of return from rbd_dev_image_unlock() which unlocks the lock if it happens to be held. This unlock is assumed to be final and lock_dwork (as well as all other exclusive lock tasks, really) isn't expected to get queued again. However, lock_dwork is canceled only in cancel_tasks_sync() (i.e. later in the unmap sequence) and on top of that the cancellation can get in effect nullified by maybe_kick_acquire(). This may result in rbd_acquire_lock() executing after rbd_dev_device_release() and rbd_dev_image_release() run and free and/or reset a bunch of things. One of the possible failure modes then is a violated

rbd_assert(rbd_image_format_valid(rbd_dev->image_format));

in rbd_dev_header_info() which is called via rbd_dev_refresh() from rbd_post_acquire_action().

Redo exclusive lock task draining to provide saner semantics and try to meet the assumptions around rbd_dev_image_unlock().

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A use-after-free vulnerability in Linux kernel's RADOS block device (rbd) driver poses a risk of kernel crashes and memory corruption for organizations operating Ceph storage infrastructure. The flaw requires a privileged local actor to trigger a difficult race condition during concurrent device unmapping and I/O operations, limiting practical exploitation risk but creating significant availability and data integrity exposure if successfully exploited.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. Until patching is completed, restrict rbd device unmapping and management operations to trusted system administrators, enable kernel logging and monitoring to detect rbd-related assertion failures or crash signatures, and implement change control procedures to avoid concurrent I/O and device management operations on the same rbd volumes.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 94% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
Linux kernel ubiquitous, but rbd driver loads only in Ceph storage deployments
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.0 Affected

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