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Chatwoot CVE-2026-63765

| EUVDEUVD-2026-48360 HIGH
Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306)
2026-07-23 VulnCheck GHSA-9wjj-m9cm-hjjc
8.8
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach exposed Chatwoot endpoint
  2. Delivery
    Call direct-uploads controller unauthenticated
  3. Exploit
    Resolve arbitrary account and conversation
  4. Execution
    Obtain signed PUT URL
  5. Persist
    Write arbitrary blob to storage
  6. Impact
    Cross-tenant data pollution or storage exhaustion

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication required for critical functions
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires network access to the Chatwoot HTTP application and specifically to the ActiveStorage direct-uploads controller endpoint; per the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) there is no authentication, no user interaction, and no special attack requirement, so a default internet-exposed Chatwoot instance older than 4.16.0 is directly exploitable. What limits exploitation: the instance must be reachable by the attacker (internet-facing or attacker-adjacent network), and impact is bounded to creating/writing arbitrary storage blobs across tenants (integrity and limited availability) rather than reading existing data or achieving code execution. No special product feature toggle or non-default configuration is called out in the description as a prerequisite.

Impact

The signals are largely consistent and point to a genuine priority. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) describes network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated exploitation with no user interaction - trivially automatable. Impact is scoped to integrity (VI:H, arbitrary data written to the storage backend) plus limited availability (VA:L, potential storage exhaustion), with no confidentiality impact (VC:N) and no subsequent-system impact, which is why the base score is 8.8 rather than a full 9.x. Exploit maturity is elevated: publicly available exploit code exists and the issue was disclosed by a credible research org (VulnCheck), so weaponization by opportunistic actors is realistic. No EPSS score was provided in the input, and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, so there is no confirmation of active in-the-wild exploitation yet. Net: high real-world risk for internet-exposed Chatwoot instances given unauthenticated network access and public POC, tempered only by the write-oriented (not direct RCE or data-theft) impact profile.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker with no credentials sends crafted requests to an internet-exposed Chatwoot instance's ActiveStorage direct-uploads controller, specifying an arbitrary account and conversation ID, and receives signed PUT URLs. Using the public POC, they write arbitrary attacker-controlled blobs into another tenant's storage - polluting attachments, planting malicious files, or exhausting storage - all without authenticating or interacting with any user.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 23, 2026

Unauthenticated arbitrary blob creation in Chatwoot before 4.16.0 lets remote attackers abuse the ActiveStorage direct-uploads controller, which lacks authentication (CWE-306), to resolve any tenant's account and conversation and obtain signed PUT URLs for writing attacker-controlled data into the shared storage backend. The flaw affects all self-hosted and multi-tenant Chatwoot deployments prior to 4.16.0, is reported by VulnCheck, and has publicly available exploit code exists (no CISA KEV listing). The CVSS 4.0 vector emphasizes integrity impact (VI:H) with a secondary availability effect (VA:L) and no confidentiality loss.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: 4.16.0 - upgrade all Chatwoot instances (self-hosted and multi-tenant) to 4.16.0 or later, which adds the missing authentication check to the direct uploads controller (fix commit 8dd0d08322edafaec24624b72ed2f6045921cb7b, PR 15039; release notes at https://github.com/chatwoot/chatwoot/releases/tag/v4.16.0). If you cannot upgrade immediately, restrict network reachability of the direct uploads endpoint by placing Chatwoot behind an authenticating reverse proxy or WAF rule that requires a valid session/agent cookie before allowing requests to the ActiveStorage direct-uploads route, and block that route from unauthenticated internet access - noting this may break legitimate browser-based file uploads if session context is not correctly forwarded. Additionally enforce storage quotas/lifecycle policies on the backend bucket or disk to limit blob-flooding damage, and monitor storage for anomalous or orphaned blobs. Review the VulnCheck advisory (https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/chatwoot-unauthenticated-activestorage-direct-upload-arbitrary-blob-creation) for exploitation details.

Affected VersionsENISA

chatwoot 0 <4.16.0

Affected Packages

euvd chatwoot fix: 4.16.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Chatwoot is a Ruby on Rails open-source customer-support/omnichannel engagement platform that uses Rails' ActiveStorage subsystem for file attachments. ActiveStorage 'direct uploads' issue signed PUT URLs so browsers can upload files straight to the storage service (local disk, S3, GCS, etc.), with the Rails app first creating a blob record describing the pending upload. The affected component, the direct uploads controller, is CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function): it fails to verify that the requester is an authenticated agent/user or belongs to the target account before minting a blob and its signed URL. Because Chatwoot is multi-tenant (accounts and conversations), the missing check lets a caller resolve arbitrary account/conversation identifiers and receive write credentials scoped to any tenant. The single affected CPE is cpe:2.3:a:chatwoot:chatwoot:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 8.8 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 8.2 HIGH

Unauthenticated network endpoint with missing auth (PR:N/AV:N/AC:L/UI:N); impact is arbitrary storage writes (I:H) plus storage exhaustion (A:L), no data disclosure (C:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Chatwoot before 4.16.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the direct uploads controller that allows unauthenticated attackers to create arbitrary ActiveStorage blobs in any tenant account. Attackers can exploit missing authentication checks to resolve any account and conversation, then obtain signed PUT URLs to write arbitrary data to the application's storage backend.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Chatwoot deployments before version 4.16.0 allow unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary data into shared storage systems, directly compromising the integrity of customer conversations and account information across self-hosted and multi-tenant installations. With publicly available exploit code and zero authentication requirements, organizations face immediate risk of data corruption and customer trust erosion.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 69% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
popular open-source support platform, common but not universally deployed
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment CIRCL GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

64
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +44
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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CVE-2022-0542 MEDIUM POC
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CVE-2022-1022 MEDIUM POC
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