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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-122
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Heap buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.8% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 14, 2026

Remote code execution in the Microsoft Windows DHCP Server role allows an unauthenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the service's packet handling. The flaw carries a CVSS 9.8 with a fully remote, no-interaction, no-privilege vector and affects Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (plus the Windows 10 1607/1809 code base). At time of analysis there is no public exploit identified and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, but the unauthenticated network-facing nature of the DHCP service makes it a high-priority patch.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5386
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23291
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26226
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26226
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23291

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26226
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23291
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23291
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26226
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5386
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33158
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33158

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 13 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
ENISA EUVD HIGH

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DHCP Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Microsoft Windows DHCP Server (versions 2012-2025) is vulnerable to unauthenticated remote code execution (CVE-2026-56159, CVSS 9.8), exposing organizations' foundational network infrastructure to potential compromise. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; however, the network-facing nature of DHCP services and their centrality to network operations mean this vulnerability represents a critical threat to business continuity and infrastructure security.

Recommended Action

Within 24 hours: Identify and inventory all Windows Server 2012-2025 and Windows 10 1607/1809 systems with active DHCP Server roles. Within 7 days: Deploy the vendor-released patch to all affected systems, prioritizing production DHCP servers and testing in non-production environments first to ensure compatibility. Within 30 days: Conduct patch compliance verification across all systems, strengthen DHCP server access controls via network segmentation, and implement enhanced monitoring for exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.8%
Top 46% exploitable
Threat Intel
2
1 sources
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Unlikely
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD 🇯🇵JVN NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment NCSC-NL NEWS MSRC

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.8%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact
Very High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

55
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +49
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: +5

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Heap Overflow HIGH

A heap overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a buffer allocated in the heap memory region.

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Same weakness CWE-122 – Heap-based Buffer Overflow

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Same technique Buffer Overflow

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References

Advisories & patches
PATCH https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-56159

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