Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSend email addresses to signin endpoint
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DeliveryObserve differential response (status/body/timing)
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ExploitConfirm member registration status
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ExecutionCompile verified subscriber email list
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ImpactLaunch targeted phishing against confirmed members
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Response uniformity
|
| Exploitation Conditions | The Ghost site must have the members feature enabled and the signin endpoint publicly accessible - this is the default configuration for Ghost sites using subscriptions or newsletters. The CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N confirms no authentication, no elevated complexity, and no user interaction are required. Limiting factors: exploitation reveals only membership status (email present/absent), not passwords, tokens, or any other data; it does not enable account takeover on its own. Ghost sites that have disabled the members feature entirely are not affected. |
| Impact | The CVSS 5.3 Medium score with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N accurately reflects the bounded real-world risk: the vulnerability is trivially exploitable over the network with no authentication or preconditions, but the impact is strictly limited to partial confidentiality loss - specifically, confirming whether an email is a registered member. No integrity or availability impact is present. No EPSS score was provided in the input data, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified. The absence of a KEV listing and the lack of any reported POC suggest this has not been widely exploited. The primary real-world threat is privacy exposure: an attacker can compile verified subscriber email lists for targeted phishing or credential stuffing against the site's audience. For Ghost sites hosting paying members or sensitive communities, this is a meaningful but non-critical risk. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated attacker scripted against Ghost's members signin endpoint submits a wordlist of email addresses and inspects response differences (status code, body content, or latency) to classify each address as registered or not. The resulting verified subscriber list is then used to launch targeted phishing emails impersonating the Ghost site, improving campaign credibility and click rates compared to unverified lists. No POC has been confirmed from available data, but the technique requires only standard HTTP tooling. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jun 24, 2026
Ghost CMS versions 5.18.0 through 6.21.1 expose registered member email addresses to unauthenticated enumeration via observable discrepancies in the members signin endpoint responses. Any Ghost site with the members feature active is affected, allowing an attacker to silently probe whether arbitrary email addresses belong to site subscribers. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified; vendor patch is available in 6.21.1.
RemediationAI
Upgrade Ghost to version 6.21.1 or later, which resolves the response discrepancy in the members signin endpoints. This is the only confirmed fix per the vendor advisory at https://github.com/TryGhost/Ghost/security/advisories/GHSA-chgm-3698-jm42. If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, a compensating control is to implement aggressive rate limiting on the members signin endpoints at the reverse proxy or WAF layer to slow automated enumeration; note this may impact legitimate login attempts and does not eliminate the underlying discrepancy. Alternatively, temporarily disabling public member signup - if the site's functionality permits - removes the attack surface entirely until patching is possible, at the cost of blocking new member registrations.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in npm
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Ghost is a Node.js open-source CMS (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:tryghost:ghost) with a built-in membership and subscription system. The root cause is CWE-204 (Observable Response Discrepancy): the members signin endpoints return detectably different responses - whether via HTTP status codes, response body content, timing, or error messaging - depending on whether the submitted email address matches a registered member record. This class of flaw is common in authentication flows where server-side logic branches differently for known vs. unknown users without normalizing the outward response. The discrepancy effectively turns the signin endpoint into a membership oracle.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Unauthenticated network access confirmed by description; discrepancy leaks only membership existence, so C:L with no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Ghost is a Node.js content management system. From 5.18.0 until 6.21.1, a discrepancy in responses from the members signin endpoints made it possible for an unauthenticated attacker to determine whether a given email address belongs to a registered member of a Ghost site. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.21.1.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-39022
GHSA-chgm-3698-jm42
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB