Libheif CVE-2026-47178

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EUVD

EUVD-2026-46638 HIGH

Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)

2026-07-21 GitHub_M

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Libheif Strukturag

7.8

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness

CWE

ASVS 5.0

V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, write limits

MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).

Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Jul 27, 2026

Arbitrary code execution in libheif 1.19.0 through 1.21.2 via a crafted HEIF file with uncompressed, tiled, component-interleaved, 4:2:0 encoding allows an attacker to overwrite a C++ vtable pointer and redirect control flow. Exploitation requires user interaction to open the malicious file, and no public exploit code is known, though EPSS indicates a low probability of widespread exploitation.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Jul 22, 2026 - 01:48 CVSS 6.1

Heap out-of-bounds write in libheif 1.19.0-1.21.2 enables vtable pointer hijacking when a crafted HEIF file using the uncompressed unci codec in tiled, component-interleaved, 4:2:0 configuration is parsed by the tile decoder. Overwriting an adjacent C++ object's vtable pointer allows redirection of the next virtual method call to an attacker-controlled address, making arbitrary code execution feasible in any application that processes untrusted HEIF files. No public exploit exists at time of analysis, but the vtable hijack primitive substantially elevates real-world impact above what the assigned CVSS 6.1 score reflects.

Affected VersionsENISA

libheif 1.19.0, < 1.22.0

Affected Packages

euvd libheif_1_19_0 fix: 1.22.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY MEDIUM

NVD 7.8 HIGH

AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

Vtable overwrite enabling attacker-controlled dispatch constitutes code execution, warranting C:H/I:H/A:H; AV:L and UI:R retained as file-open by victim is required.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SUSE 8.4 HIGH

AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

4

Analysis Updated

Jul 27, 2026 - 15:42 vuln.today

v2 - CVSS changed

Severity Changed

Jul 27, 2026 - 15:37 NVD

MEDIUM HIGH

CVSS changed

Jul 27, 2026 - 15:37 NVD

6.1 (MEDIUM) 7.8 (HIGH)

Patch available

Jul 21, 2026 - 23:36 EUVD

DescriptionNVD

libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. In versions 1.19.0 through 1.21.2, a crafted HEIF file (uncompressed unci codec, tiled, component-interleaved, 4:2:0) triggers a heap out-of-bounds write in libheif's uncompressed tile decoder. The write overwrites the C++ vtable pointer of an adjacent unc_decoder_component_interleave object; the next virtual call dispatches to an attacker-chosen address. Version 1.22.0 patches the issue.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.2%

Top 95% exploitable

Data Quality

7 sources

Confidence: High

EUVD

CVE.org

EPSS Vendor

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.2%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

No

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

39

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +39

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Memory Corruption HIGH

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

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CVE-2023-49462 HIGH This Week POC

libheif v1.17.5 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the component /libheif/exif.cc. Rated high severi

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Out-of-bounds read in libheif's HEIF/HEIC overlay processing can disclose limited memory contents and crash affected app

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A Segmentation fault caused by a floating point exception exists in libheif 1.15.1 using crafted heif images via the hei

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Buffer Overflow vulnerability in libheif 1.19.7 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the SAO (Sample Ad

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Heap-based buffer overflow in libheif before 1.23.2 allows remote attackers to corrupt memory and potentially achieve co

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Heap buffer overflow write in libheif (versions ≤ 1.21.2) lets a crafted HEIF/AVIF file write 64 bytes of attacker-contr

Same weakness CWE-787 – Out-of-bounds Write

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CVE-2015-3113 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC

CVE-2010-3333 HIGH POC

CVE-2014-1761 HIGH POC

CVE-2009-3129 HIGH POC

CVE-2021-1732 HIGH POC

CVE-2013-3346 CRITICAL POC

Same technique Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2017-7269 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2020-0796 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2019-11043 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2009-0927 HIGH POC

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important

Product	Status
Image SLES-SAP-Azure Image SLES-SAP-Azure-3P Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-SAP-EC2 Image SLES-SAP-GCE Image SLES-SAPCAL-Azure Image SLES-SAPCAL-EC2 Image SLES-SAPCAL-GCE	Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1	Fixed

References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/381200 ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:22153/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:2622/ REF https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-5x55-x5pf-9c6g

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