Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate with low-privilege Coolify account
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DeliveryEdit resource pre/post-deployment command
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ExploitInject newline-separated shell statement
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ExecutionTrigger deployment over SSH heredoc
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PersistInjected command runs on remote server
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ImpactAchieve RCE and lateral movement on managed host
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated Coolify account (PR:L) with permission to set a resource's pre-deployment or post-deployment command field, and requires that a deployment of that resource actually run so the injected heredoc payload is transported over SSH and executed on the managed remote server. The specific enabling feature is the pre/post-deployment command configuration combined with SSH heredoc transport that preserves newlines. Limiting factors: exploitation is gated behind authentication and the ability to edit deployment commands, so a single-operator instance with no untrusted users has a much smaller attack surface; there is no unauthenticated path and no reported active exploitation. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, 8.8) indicates a low-privilege authenticated user can achieve full CIA impact over the network with low complexity and no user interaction - a genuinely high-priority issue on any multi-user Coolify instance. The primary mitigating factor is PR:L: the attacker must already hold an authenticated Coolify account able to configure a resource's deployment commands, making this a tenant-isolation/privilege-escalation break rather than an unauthenticated internet-facing RCE. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or SSVC data was supplied, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified from the input and there is no evidence of active exploitation. The public fix commit and PR raise practical exploitability over time even though no packaged exploit is confirmed. Net: real and worth prompt patching on shared/multi-tenant deployments, lower urgency on single-operator instances where the only authenticated user is already fully trusted. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker holding a low-privileged but authenticated Coolify account creates or edits an application and sets a pre-deployment command containing a newline followed by an extra shell statement such as a reverse shell or credential-harvesting command. When the deployment runs, the single-quote escaping fails to neutralize the newline inside the SSH heredoc, so the injected statement executes on the remote managed server with the deployment process's privileges. No public exploit is identified, but the fix commit publicly reveals the vulnerable heredoc handling. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 07, 2026
Command injection in Coolify before 4.0.0-beta.471 lets an authenticated user break out of the pre-deployment and post-deployment command fields and run arbitrary shell statements on the target deployment server. The supplied commands are single-quote escaped but then piped through an SSH heredoc transport that preserves newlines, so newline-delimited injected statements survive escaping and execute during deployment. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, though the fixing pull request and commit are public and make the root cause easy to reconstruct; CVSS is 8.8 (High).
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade Coolify to 4.0.0-beta.471 or later, which corrects how pre/post-deployment commands are handled before SSH heredoc transport (fix in PR #9173, commit ad95d65). If you cannot upgrade immediately, restrict who can configure deployment commands by limiting Coolify accounts to trusted operators and removing edit access to the pre/post-deployment command fields for lower-trust users, and audit existing resources for unexpected newline-containing command values - the trade-off is reduced self-service for team members. On multi-tenant instances, isolating each project's deployment onto a dedicated, non-privileged remote server account limits blast radius but adds operational overhead. Reference advisory GHSA-5qp8-9gg7-4c86 (https://github.com/coollabsio/coolify/security/advisories/GHSA-5qp8-9gg7-4c86) and the release notes at https://github.com/coollabsio/coolify/releases/tag/v4.0.0-beta.471.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Coolify is an open-source, self-hostable platform-as-a-service (CPE cpe:2.3:a:coollabsio:coolify) that manages servers, applications, and databases and drives deployments over SSH. The flaw is CWE-78 (OS Command Injection): user-supplied pre/post-deployment commands are wrapped in single quotes to neutralize shell metacharacters, but the payload is then sent into a remote shell via an SSH heredoc (<<EOF ... EOF) that faithfully preserves embedded newlines. Single-quote escaping does nothing to stop a newline from terminating one command and beginning the next inside the heredoc body, so an attacker can smuggle additional statements that the remote shell executes with the privileges of the Coolify deployment process on the managed host.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Authenticated low-privilege user (PR:L) injects commands over the network with low complexity and no interaction, yielding full RCE on the managed host (C/I/A:H).
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to 4.0.0-beta.471, pre-deployment and post-deployment commands are single-quote escaped but then sent through SSH heredoc transport that preserves newlines, allowing an authenticated user to inject additional shell statements that execute on the remote server during deployment. This issue is fixed in version 4.0.0-beta.471.
Executive ViewAI
A command injection vulnerability in Coolify before 4.0.0-beta.471 allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary code on all servers managed through the platform during deployments. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; however, this represents high risk for organizations, as any Coolify-authenticated insider or compromised account could potentially compromise critical infrastructure managed through the platform.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Limit Coolify access to trusted administrators with multi-factor authentication; (2) Implement comprehensive audit logging of all pre/post-deployment commands; (3) Enforce code review and approval workflows for all deployment commands; (4) Implement network segmentation to restrict lateral movement from deployment servers to production infrastructure; (5) Monitor deployment servers for unauthorized command execution.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
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EUVD-2026-41990
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
GitHub
Exploit-DB