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Linux Kernel CVE-2026-31462

| EUVDEUVD-2026-24803 MEDIUM
2026-04-22 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Information Disclosure Linux
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Local user login
  2. Delivery
    Create GPU-accelerated process
  3. Exploit
    Terminate process
  4. Install
    Immediately spawn new process with same PASID
  5. C2
    Stale page fault interrupt delivered to new process
  6. Execute
    GPU memory corruption
  7. Impact
    Kernel panic or denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires: (1) system with AMD Radeon discrete GPU (RDNA or older architectures) using the amdgpu kernel driver, (2) local user account on the target system (PR:L in CVSS vector), (3) ability to create and terminate GPU-accelerated processes with precise timing to trigger immediate PASID reuse before interrupt ring buffer drains, and (4) kernel version prior to 7.0 RC1 or unpatched stable branches. Non-AMD GPU systems (NVIDIA, Intel iGPU-only, or no GPU) cannot be exploited. Generic x86_64 servers without discrete AMD GPUs are not vulnerable.
Impact

CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) indicates local privilege level required with low attack complexity and high availability impact, justifying the 5.5 base score. However, EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) contradicts this rating, suggesting the vulnerability requires specific hardware (AMD GPU), precise timing between process termination and creation, and is rarely encountered in typical deployments. No CISA KEV status, no public POC identified, and no evidence of active exploitation; this is a low-priority defense-in-depth issue rather than an urgent threat. Real risk depends heavily on whether the target system actually uses AMD discrete GPUs-servers with integrated graphics or NVIDIA/Intel GPUs are unaffected. The timing-dependent nature (immediate PASID reuse) makes reliable exploitation difficult in practice.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local attacker with standard user privileges creates and rapidly terminates GPU-accelerated processes on a system with an AMD Radeon GPU. By timing a new process creation to occur immediately after the previous process exits, the new process inherits the same PASID and receives page fault interrupts intended for the terminated process. These misrouted interrupts corrupt GPU memory management state, triggering a kernel panic or GPU hang that denies service to legitimate GPU-using applications.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – May 07, 2026

AMD GPU driver in the Linux kernel fails to prevent rapid PASID (Process Address Space ID) reuse, allowing local authenticated attackers to trigger interrupt handling errors and denial of service. When a process exits with an assigned PASID, page faults may remain pending in the interrupt handler ring buffer; if a new process is immediately assigned the same PASID, it inherits these stale interrupts causing system instability. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions prior to 7.0 RC1 and requires local user access with standard privileges. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates minimal real-world exploitation likelihood despite moderate CVSS impact rating.

RemediationAI

Apply kernel patches immediately if running AMD GPU systems: upgrade to Linux 7.0 RC1 or later, or apply stable backports (6.19.11+, 6.18.21+, 6.12.80+) for older kernel branches. Kernel maintainers should backport commit 8f1de51f49be692de137c8525106e0fce2d1912d to all supported stable series. For systems unable to patch immediately, limit user process creation frequency through cgroups task limit controls or implement a brief delay between process termination and creation on systems with AMD discrete GPUs; both approaches reduce the window for PASID reuse race conditions but do not eliminate the root cause. Systems without AMD Radeon GPUs (integrated Intel/AMD iGPUs, NVIDIA discrete GPUs, or no GPU acceleration) are unaffected and do not require patching for this specific issue. Note that kernel upgrades carry general system stability risk; test patches in non-production environments first.

Affected VersionsENISA

Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <c0b3882836de8ac991b626823966f385555bbcff
Linux patch: 7.0
Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <14b81abe7bdc25f8097906fc2f91276ffedb2d26
Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <51ccaf0e30c303149244c34820def83d74c86288
Linux 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <9e5ebfe99b223bb0eb9c50a125c9c02f4ef4c71b
Linux patch: 6.19.11
Linux patch: 6.12.80
Linux patch: 6.18.21

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability exists in the AMD GPU (amdgpu) driver's PASID allocation mechanism within the Linux kernel's DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) subsystem. PASIDs are used by AMD GPUs to isolate memory address spaces for different processes; improper reuse allows stale page fault interrupts destined for a previous process to be delivered to a new process sharing the same PASID. The fix implements a cyclic allocator pattern (similar to the kernel's PID allocator) to prevent immediate reuse, ensuring sufficient time for the interrupt handler ring buffer (IH ring) to drain pending faults before a PASID is recycled. This affects all systems with AMD Radeon or RDNA-era GPUs running vulnerable kernel versions.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SUSE MEDIUM
Red Hat MEDIUM

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

5
CVSS changed
May 07, 2026 - 18:37 NVD
5.5 (MEDIUM)
Patch released
Apr 23, 2026 - 16:17 nvd
Patch available
Patch available
Apr 22, 2026 - 16:33 EUVD
CVE Published
Apr 22, 2026 - 14:16 nvd
N/A
CVE Published
Apr 22, 2026 - 14:16 nvd
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/amdgpu: prevent immediate PASID reuse case

PASID resue could cause interrupt issue when process immediately runs into hw state left by previous process exited with the same PASID, it's possible that page faults are still pending in the IH ring buffer when the process exits and frees up its PASID. To prevent the case, it uses idr cyclic allocator same as kernel pid's.

(cherry picked from commit 8f1de51f49be692de137c8525106e0fce2d1912d)

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 95% exploitable
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vendor VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Same technique Information Disclosure

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Medium
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Fixed

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31462 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/358886 REF https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/14b81abe7bdc25f8097906fc2f91276ffedb2d26 REF https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/185a5e779c259869b8d5c20bd90e7a780c56576b REF https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/51ccaf0e30c303149244c34820def83d74c86288 REF https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e5ebfe99b223bb0eb9c50a125c9c02f4ef4c71b REF https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0b3882836de8ac991b626823966f385555bbcff REF https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f69491478e3de0e3c6aac2ee89b3cda3f2471301

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