Skip to main content

Riot CVE-2026-22214

MEDIUM
Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
2026-01-12 disclosure@vulncheck.com
6.8
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vulncheck
View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Send crafted TCP-framed serial data
  2. Exploit
    Trigger unbounded write in _handle_char()
  3. Execution
    Overflow fixed-size stack buffer
  4. Impact
    Execute arbitrary code with system privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Network access to ethos utility TCP interface on RIOT OS versions up to 2026.01-devel-317. No authentication required. Attacker must send malformed serial frame data exceeding internal buffer bounds without bounds checking enforcement.

Impact

CVSS 9.8 (Critical). Network vector, no auth. EPSS 0.06%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker sends oversized serial frames to an IoT device running RIOT OS, overflowing the ethos buffer to achieve code execution.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.

Alert me

AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

RIOT OS ethos utility has a stack buffer overflow in _handle_char() due to missing bounds checking on serial frame data. Incoming frame bytes overflow a fixed-size stack buffer.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:54 CVSS 9.8

RIOT OS ethos utility has stack overflow via unbounded serial frame processing.

RemediationAI

Update RIOT OS.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The _handle_char() function appends incoming serial bytes to a fixed-size stack buffer without checking bounds (CWE-121). A malicious serial frame exceeding the buffer size overwrites the stack.

Know when Riot gets its next vulnerability

  • Watch products and get an email when something new is published
  • Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

No credit card · 7-day full trial

Severity by source

Vendor (vulncheck) PRIMARY 6.8 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (vulncheck) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: vulncheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Active
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Severity Changed
Jul 14, 2026 - 16:22 NVD
CRITICAL MEDIUM
CVSS changed
Jul 14, 2026 - 16:22 NVD
9.8 (CRITICAL) 6.8 (MEDIUM)
CVE Published
Jan 12, 2026 - 23:15 nvd
CRITICAL 9.8

DescriptionCVE.org

RIOT OS versions up to and including 2026.01-devel-317 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the ethos utility due to missing bounds checking when processing incoming serial frame data. The vulnerability occurs in the _handle_char() function, where incoming frame bytes are appended to a fixed-size stack buffer without verifying that the current write index remains within bounds. An attacker capable of sending crafted serial or TCP-framed input can cause the current write index to exceed the buffer size, resulting in a write past the end of the stack buffer. This condition leads to memory corruption and application crash.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2026-22214 presents critical security risk, a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability rated CVSS 9.8. Exploitation could allow attackers to corrupt memory, crash the application, or potentially execute arbitrary code. Organizations should apply vendor updates immediately when available and implement compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Enable ASLR and DEP where available; (2) Implement network segmentation; (3) Monitor for exploitation indicators.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 82% exploitable
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Very High

Priority Score

34
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +34
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A stack-based buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it was allocated to hold.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:riot-os:riot:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:riot-os:riot:2026.01:devel:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:riot-os:riot:2026.01:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Riot

View all
CVE-2023-33975 CRITICAL POC
9.8 May 30

RIOT-OS, an operating system for Internet of Things (IoT) devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process

CVE-2019-1000006 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 04

RIOT RIOT-OS version after commit 7af03ab624db0412c727eed9ab7630a5282e2fd3 contains a Buffer Overflow vulnerability in s

CVE-2026-25139 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Feb 04

RIOT IoT operating system has an out-of-bounds read vulnerability (CVSS 9.1) that could lead to information disclosure o

CVE-2024-32018 CRITICAL POC
9.0 May 01

RIOT is a real-time multi-threading operating system that supports a range of devices that are typically 8-bit, 16-bit a

CVE-2024-32017 CRITICAL POC
9.0 May 01

RIOT is a real-time multi-threading operating system that supports a range of devices that are typically 8-bit, 16-bit a

CVE-2024-31225 CRITICAL POC
9.0 May 01

RIOT is a real-time multi-threading operating system that supports a range of devices that are typically 8-bit, 16-bit a

CVE-2024-52802 HIGH POC
7.5 Nov 22

RIOT is an operating system for internet of things (IoT) devices. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is

CVE-2023-24818 HIGH POC
7.5 Apr 24

RIOT-OS, an operating system that supports Internet of Things devices, contains a network stack with the ability to proc

CVE-2019-16754 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 24

RIOT 2019.07 contains a NULL pointer dereference in the MQTT-SN implementation (asymcute), potentially allowing an attac

CVE-2019-15702 HIGH POC
7.5 Aug 27

In the TCP implementation (gnrc_tcp) in RIOT through 2019.07, the parser for TCP options does not terminate on all input

CVE-2019-15134 HIGH POC
7.5 Aug 17

RIOT through 2019.07 contains a memory leak in the TCP implementation (gnrc_tcp), allowing an attacker to consume all me

CVE-2024-53980 MEDIUM POC
6.9 Nov 29

RIOT is an open-source microcontroller operating system, designed to match the requirements of Internet of Things (IoT)

This site uses cookies essential for authentication and security. No tracking or analytics cookies are used. Privacy Policy