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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Supply malicious container layer
  2. Delivery
    Induce repeated ApplyLayer processing
  3. Exploit
    Leak file descriptor per call
  4. Execution
    Exhaust process fd limit
  5. Impact
    Denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Resource cleanup on lifecycle end
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that the application invokes the containers/storage archive functions ApplyLayer or ApplyUncompressedLayer on attacker-influenced input - i.e., unpacking corrupt or malicious container image layers/tar streams - and that this processing can be driven repeatedly (for example via an image pull, build, or sync loop) until the process file-descriptor limit is exhausted. Limiting factors: the CVSS vector is local (AV:L) and requires user/operator interaction (UI:R), so the attacker must get a victim process to actually process the malicious layers; impact is availability-only (C:N/I:N/A:L) and is confined to the affected process (S:U), with no code execution or data exposure. A single malformed input does not immediately deny service - sustained repeated processing is needed - which further bounds real-world severity.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-priority issue despite affecting a widely-embedded component. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 3.3 (Low) with vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L - the only impact is a partial availability (A:L) hit from file-descriptor exhaustion (CWE-772), with no confidentiality or integrity consequence. Exploitation requires local vector (AV:L) and user interaction (UI:R), meaning an operator or process must be induced to repeatedly process attacker-supplied corrupt/malicious layer archives before the fd limit is reached; this is a gradual degradation, not an immediate crash. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, POC, or SSVC decision data was provided in the input. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The signals are internally consistent (low score, local vector, availability-only, resource-exhaustion CWE), so there is no conflict to flag - the main caveat is that A:L likely understates nothing and the realistic outcome is a denial of service confined to the affected process. This is a hardening/defense-in-depth fix, not an emergency; prioritize via normal patch cycles.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a corrupt or malicious container image layer and causes a victim system to pull and unpack it (e.g., repeatedly via an automated build or image-sync pipeline). Each call to ApplyLayer/ApplyUncompressedLayer on the bad input leaks a file descriptor, and sustained repeated processing eventually exhausts the process's fd limit, degrading or denying service. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the local vector plus required user/operator interaction make this a slow-burn DoS rather than a one-shot remote crash.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 21, 2026

A file descriptor leak in the containers/storage Go library's archive.ApplyLayer and ApplyUncompressedLayer functions causes descriptors to be left open whenever corrupt or malicious image layers or tar streams are unpacked, and repeated processing of such inputs can exhaust the hosting process's file descriptor limit. The weakness is unauthenticated in CVSS terms (PR:N) but local in scope (AV:L) and requires the victim to actually process attacker-influenced layers (UI:R), so an attacker must first get malformed image content in front of a build, pull, or sync loop. Impact is availability-only and confined to the affected process (C:N/I:N/A:L, S:U): no code execution and no data exposure; a single bad input does not cause denial of service, only sustained repetition does. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the issue is not in CISA KEV, and EPSS scoring was not supplied with the source data.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch version was identified in the available data; Red Hat tracks the fix through https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2558105 and publishes affected/fixed errata per product at https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-114236, so the primary action is to monitor that advisory and apply updated containers/storage-based packages (podman, buildah, cri-o, the OpenShift release payload and the other listed product streams) as soon as errata ship. Where patching is pending, the practical compensating controls target the repetition that turns a leak into an outage: process untrusted images only in short-lived, restartable workers (ephemeral build pods or one-shot builders) so accumulated descriptors are reclaimed on process exit - at the cost of added orchestration overhead and slower builds; enforce image signature and policy verification (e.g., reject unsigned or untrusted registries) so malformed layers from untrusted sources never reach ApplyLayer, accepting reduced flexibility for developer image flows; cap concurrency and rate-limit image pulls, builds and sync loops in controllers such as Multicluster Engine, Quay and ACS so a single actor cannot drive the thousands of iterations needed to exhaust the limit, which throttles legitimate bulk operations; and add file-descriptor monitoring with automatic process recycling on long-running daemons (CRI-O, Quay registry, OpenShift build controllers), noting that recycling briefly interrupts in-flight operations. Raising RLIMIT_NOFILE only delays exhaustion and is not a fix, and lowering it would make denial of service easier, so neither should be treated as remediation.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

containers/storage is the Go library used by Podman, Buildah, CRI-O, OpenShift and many other container runtimes to manage local image and layer storage; its storage/pkg/archive package handles extraction of tar streams into the container root filesystem. ApplyLayer and ApplyUncompressedLayer open files and descriptors while walking, decompressing and rewriting layer archives, and on error or unusual input paths (corrupt headers, truncated or maliciously crafted tar entries, whiteout handling, xattr/ownership fixups) they can return without releasing an opened descriptor. This is CWE-772 (Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime), a resource-lifetime bug rather than a memory-safety flaw: the leaked descriptors accumulate across calls and, once the process's RLIMIT_NOFILE ceiling is reached, subsequent file, socket and layer operations fail, degrading or halting the affected runtime, builder or controller. Because the defect lives in a shared library, it propagates into every packaged consumer - the supplied CPEs show it embedded across Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4, Advanced Cluster Security 4, Quay 3, OpenShift AI/RHOAI, Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes, Source-to-Image (S2I), OpenShift Lightspeed, OpenShift Dev Spaces, Developer Hub, Ansible Automation Platform 2, OpenStack Platform 18.0, the DPU kit for NVIDIA, NVIDIA JetPack 6 for RHEL, Confidential Compute Attestation, Exploit Intelligence and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9/10 based offerings - although all CPE version fields are wildcards, so exact vulnerable builds must be confirmed per product errata.

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY LOW
NVD 3.3 LOW
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
vuln.today AI 3.3 LOW

Local processing of malicious layer input requiring operator-triggered interaction (AV:L/UI:R), no privileges needed (PR:N), and only gradual fd-exhaustion availability impact (A:L; C:N/I:N).

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

DescriptionNVD

storage/pkg/archive.ApplyLayer and ApplyUncompressedLayer may, when processing corrupt or malicious inputs, leak a file descriptor; unbounded repeated calls can exhaust the process’ file descriptor limit

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 99% exploitable
Prevalence
High
containers/storage archive code embedded across OpenShift, Podman, and RHEL container tooling
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity LOW
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
High

Priority Score

16
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +16
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:confidential_compute_attestation:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:dpu_kit_for_nvidia:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:exploit_intelligence:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:multicluster_engine_for_kubernetes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:multicluster_engine_for_kubernetes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:nvidia_jetpack_6_for_rhel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:openshift_lightspeed:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:openshift_source-to-image_(s2i):*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:openshift_source-to-image_(s2i):*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_security_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_security_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_security_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_security_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_ansible_automation_platform_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_ansible_automation_platform_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_ansible_automation_platform_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_ansible_automation_platform_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_ansible_automation_platform_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_build_of_podman_desktop:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_certification_program_for_red_hat_enterprise_linux_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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