Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate to web management interface
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ExploitSend crafted request to mainfunction.cgi (IPsec Handler)
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ExecutionInject shell commands via 'option' argument
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ImpactExecute arbitrary OS commands on router
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Command injection prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires valid low-privilege authenticated access (CVSS PR:L) to the Vigor2960 web management interface; the attacker then manipulates the 'option' argument passed to the ruequest_certificate function in /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi (IPsec Handler component) to inject OS commands. Exploitation is limited to the DrayTek Vigor2960 running the affected firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218; upgrading to 1.5.1.7 remediates it. The principal limiting factor is the authentication requirement - an attacker must already possess or obtain management credentials or a valid session; no user interaction is required. |
| Impact | This is a moderate, not top-tier, priority. The authoritative CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) confirms remote, low-complexity exploitation but requires authentication (PR:L), which meaningfully constrains the attacker population versus an unauthenticated flaw - the published exploit path itself is labeled 'authenticated-request-certificate-command-injection,' corroborating the PR:L metric. The vendor-assigned base score of 5.3 rests on uniformly Low impact metrics (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L), which is notably conservative for a CWE-77 OS command injection, where successful exploitation typically yields full command execution; this is a conflict worth flagging - the impact ratings appear understated relative to the vulnerability class, so defenders should treat realized impact as potentially higher than the 5.3 suggests. Exploit maturity is E:P (proof-of-concept), and a public POC exists on GitHub, but there is NO CISA KEV listing and NO EPSS score in the provided data, so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation - this reads as a disclosed, reproducible bug rather than a mass-exploited threat. The affected product is explicitly End-of-Service, so no further fixes beyond 1.5.1.7 should be expected for non-major issues, shifting the burden to upgrade or replacement. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with valid low-privilege credentials to the Vigor2960 web management interface sends a crafted request to /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi invoking the ruequest_certificate function and injects shell metacharacters into the 'option' argument, causing arbitrary OS commands to run on the router. A public proof-of-concept exists, lowering the barrier to reproduction. Because the vector is network-based with low complexity, exploitation is straightforward once an authenticated session or credentials are obtained. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026
Authenticated command injection in the IPsec certificate-handling path of DrayTek Vigor2960 routers running firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 lets a low-privilege management user execute arbitrary OS commands on the device, fully compromising confidentiality, integrity and availability. Publicly available exploit code exists and maps directly to the flaw (DRV2960-0014), though no active exploitation is confirmed by CISA KEV. DrayTek has discontinued the Vigor2960 (EoS with limited support) and states it only reviews major issues such as unauthenticated flaws, making the availability of the 1.5.1.7 fix and a prompt upgrade the primary defense.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade the Vigor2960 to firmware 1.5.1.7, available as https://fw.draytek.com.tw/Vigor2960/Firmware/v1.5.1.7/Vigor2960_v1.5.1.7.zip; DrayTek states 1.5.1.7 corrects numerous security issues including this command injection. Because Vigor2960 is end-of-support with only limited maintenance (the vendor prioritizes unauthenticated flaws), do not assume future fixes; plan migration to a supported DrayTek model. As compensating controls, remove or restrict administrative access to /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi and the web UI to a dedicated management VLAN or named trusted hosts (trade-off: breaks remote administration for other operators), audit and rotate all management credentials and sessions to reduce the PR:L exposure this flaw requires (trade-off: user disruption and session resets), disable IPsec certificate management features that are not actively in use where the configuration permits (trade-off: loss of PKI-based VPN setup), and monitor router logs for unexpected child processes or certificate operations. Enforce least-privilege accounts so that any compromised credential cannot exceed the limited rights already needed for exploitation.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability is CWE-77 (command injection) inside the IPsec Handler component's certificate-management logic. The CGI endpoint /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi exposes a ruequest_certificate function whose 'option' argument is interpolated into a shell invocation without adequate neutralization, so metacharacters passed by an authenticated web-interface user break out of the intended command and run as the device's CGI process. Because the affected component handles IPsec certificate operations, certificate-related administration is the natural attack surface, but successful injection yields commands at the router's privilege level, allowing persistent configuration changes, credential/secret disclosure and traffic interception. Exploitation requires a valid low-privilege session (PR:L) and no user interaction; the attack vector is network-reachable (AV:N) via the management interface. Only Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 is listed by CPE (draytek:vigor2960); the vendor's own note confirms 2960 is end-of-support with only limited review of new issues, so future flaws may go unfixed.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:P
Network-reachable CGI endpoint with low complexity but requires authenticated management access (PR:L); CWE-77 command injection yields full command execution, so C/I/A:H, scope unchanged.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A security vulnerability has been detected in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. This affects the function ruequest_certificate of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component IPsec Handler. Such manipulation of the argument option leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.5.1.7 mitigates this issue. Upgrading the affected component is recommended. The vendor explains: "2960 1.5.1.7 has corrected many security issues. And 2960 is EoS with limited support, only major issues would be reviewed(e.g. unauthenticated vuln.)". This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
OS command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows authenticated, low-privilege attackers t
Authenticated command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows a low-privileged user with valid crede
Authenticated command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 lets a low-privileged user of the web managem
Path traversal in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows an authenticated low-privilege user to manipulate the s
Authenticated path traversal in the End-of-Sale DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 web management interface lets a low-privilege
Authenticated remote attackers can exploit an unrestricted file-upload flaw in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 Revisi
Authenticated path traversal in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 (Revision 8218) lets a user with a valid web-manageme
EUVD-2026-105016
GHSA-4232-cr6c-m4cv
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB