Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate to Vigor2960 web UI
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ExploitSend crafted multipart swmconfigupload request
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ExecutionTraverse path via unsanitized field name
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ImpactRead or overwrite arbitrary device files
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling Path canonicalization, traversal prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Discovery, Collection The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated low-privilege session on the Vigor2960 web management interface (PR:L); the attacker then reaches the swmconfigupload component by POSTing a multipart request to /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi, where the cgiEscape function fails to sanitize directory-traversal sequences in the multipart field name, permitting path traversal and file clobbering. Limiting factors: valid credentials are mandatory, the web management interface must be network-reachable (typically LAN-side and not WAN-exposed in default deployments), and only the End-of-Sale Vigor2960 at firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 is affected - upgrading to 1.5.1.7 removes the flaw. |
| Impact | This is a moderate, not top-tier, priority. The CVSS 4.0 base vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) scores 5.3 (Medium) and the E:P threat metric reflects only a proof-of-concept - consistent with the input signal that publicly available exploit code exists but there is NO CISA KEV listing. The decisive limiting factor is PR:L: exploitation requires valid (low-privilege) authenticated access to the web management interface, which is corroborated by the exploit case name ('authenticated-swmconfigupload-fieldname-path-traversal-clobber'). This rules out trivial, mass pre-auth exploitation and points to targeted use by an actor who already holds credentials or has chained another flaw. The description states the attack can be 'launched remotely' but does NOT mention authentication; the CVSS vector (PR:L) and the exploit title are the authoritative signals and confirm authentication IS required, so treat 'remote' as network-reachable rather than unauthenticated. Technical impact is uniformly Low (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L), i.e. partial read/overwrite via path traversal rather than full compromise. No EPSS score was provided in the input, so the empirical exploitation-probability signal is MISSING and cannot be weighed. Net: a real but authentication-gated issue on an End-of-Sale product - patch it, but it does not warrant the emergency response a pre-auth RCE would. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with valid low-privilege web-UI credentials (or who has pivoted onto the management network) sends a crafted multipart request to the swmconfigupload handler in /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi, manipulating the field name so the cgiEscape routine fails to sanitize path separators. This lets the attacker read or overwrite ('clobber') files outside the intended directory on the EoS Vigor2960. Public proof-of-concept exploit code for this exact case already exists on GitHub, lowering the effort to reproduce. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026
Authenticated path traversal in the End-of-Sale DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 web management interface lets a low-privilege user manipulate the multipart field name processed by cgiEscape in /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi, enabling path traversal and file clobbering. The vendor fixed the issue in firmware 1.5.1.7, but public exploit code exists for the affected swmconfigupload component; exploitation still requires valid credentials and reachability to the management interface. No CISA KEV confirmation or EPSS score was included, so this should be treated as a moderate-priority authenticated issue rather than confirmed active exploitation.
RemediationAI
Upgrade DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware to 1.5.1.7 using the vendor package at https://fw.draytek.com.tw/Vigor2960/Firmware/v1.5.1.7/Vigor2960_v1.5.1.7.zip; this is the vendor-released fix for the cgiEscape/swmconfigupload path traversal and file-clobbering issue. Because the 2960 is End-of-Sale and the vendor describes only limited support, organizations that cannot immediately upgrade should reduce exposure by restricting access to the web management interface to trusted LAN/VLAN segments, disabling or firewall-blocking WAN-side management access, applying source-IP ACLs to administrative endpoints, and using strong unique credentials to limit low-privilege authenticated access. Monitor management logs and proxy/IDS alerts for multipart POSTs to /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi containing traversal sequences in field names; these controls lower risk but do not fully remove the authenticated file-clobbering primitive, and restricting management access may impede remote administration until the device is upgraded or retired.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is CWE-22 path traversal in the DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware's web management CGI path. The affected code is the cgiEscape function in /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi, reached through the swmconfigupload component; a crafted multipart request field name is not sufficiently sanitized, allowing directory-traversal sequences to influence file paths and enabling file clobbering. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:draytek:vigor2960:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* identifies the Vigor2960 product line broadly, while the advisory specifically pins the reproducible issue to firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. The CVSS 4.0 vector shows network reachability, low attack complexity, PR:L, and E:P, and the independent assessment maps this to CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L, so the practical root cause is an authenticated input-validation failure in the management-plane request parser rather than an unauthenticated remote code execution flaw.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:P
Path traversal is reachable only after authenticating to the web UI, so PR:L; the management interface is network-reachable with low complexity (AV:N/AC:L), and arbitrary file read/overwrite yields limited C/I/A each.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A security flaw has been discovered in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. The affected element is the function cgiEscape of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component swmconfigupload. The manipulation of the argument multipart results in path traversal. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. Upgrading to version 1.5.1.7 is sufficient to fix this issue. The affected component should be upgraded. The vendor explains: "2960 1.5.1.7 has corrected many security issues. And 2960 is EoS with limited support, only major issues would be reviewed(e.g. unauthenticated vuln.)". This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Path traversal exploits occur when applications use user-controlled input to construct file system paths without proper validation.
OS command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows authenticated, low-privilege attackers t
Authenticated command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows a low-privileged user with valid crede
Authenticated command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 lets a low-privileged user of the web managem
Path traversal in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows an authenticated low-privilege user to manipulate the s
Authenticated command injection in the IPsec certificate-handling path of DrayTek Vigor2960 routers running firmware 1.5
Authenticated remote attackers can exploit an unrestricted file-upload flaw in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 Revisi
Authenticated path traversal in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 (Revision 8218) lets a user with a valid web-manageme
EUVD-2026-105009
GHSA-jrpm-fx68-c8j4
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB