Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain valid low-priv web credentials
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DeliverySend crafted request to mainfunction.cgi commonupload
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ExploitManipulate upload_path/upload_name arguments
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ExecutionClobber/write arbitrary file on device
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ImpactDegrade integrity of router files
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling File type validation, storage isolation
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Command and Control, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated session (PR:L) on the DrayTek Vigor2960 web management interface, after which the attacker reaches the commonupload function of /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi and manipulates the upload_path and upload_name parameters to perform an unrestricted/arbitrary file upload (CWE-434), specifically arbitrary file clobber per the public case. LIMITING FACTORS: valid credentials are mandatory (no unauthenticated path), the flaw is specific to firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 on the Vigor2960, and the device is end-of-sale with only v1.5.1.7 remediating it - exposure is confined to environments still running the vulnerable firmware with the web interface reachable by the attacker. |
| Impact | This is a moderate-risk, authenticated file-upload flaw rather than a top-priority emergency. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) confirms network-reachable, low-complexity exploitation but requires at least low-level privileges (PR:L), meaning a valid authenticated session on the Vigor2960 web management interface is a prerequisite - this materially lowers mass-exploitation potential versus an unauthenticated flaw. Impact is bounded: all three impact metrics are Low (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L), and the public exploit case is explicitly labeled 'authenticated-commonupload-arbitrary-file-clobber,' indicating arbitrary file overwrite/clobber rather than confirmed remote code execution, which is consistent with the modest 5.3 score. A public POC exists (E:P / GitHub), but there is NO CISA KEV listing and NO EPSS score provided in the input, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified and there is no evidence of active in-the-wild use - the POC and active-exploitation signals must not be conflated. Net: real but secondary priority, elevated by EoS status (DrayTek states the 2960 is end-of-sale with only major/unauthenticated issues reviewed), which means residual authenticated issues like this may linger unpatched in the field. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who already holds valid (even low-privileged) credentials to the Vigor2960 web administration interface sends a crafted request to /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi against the commonupload component, manipulating the upload_path/upload_name arguments to write or overwrite files at an attacker-chosen location on the device. A public proof-of-concept exists (yikesoftware DRV2960-0010), lowering the skill barrier; low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction make the authenticated step the main gate. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026
Authenticated remote attackers can exploit an unrestricted file-upload flaw in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 by manipulating the upload_path and upload_name parameters in the commonupload function of /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi, resulting in arbitrary file clobber on the device. Publicly available exploit code exists, but exploitation requires valid credentials and access to the web management interface, keeping the issue moderate-risk rather than an emergency. DrayTek addressed the flaw in firmware 1.5.1.7; because the Vigor2960 is end-of-sale with limited support, exposure is limited to units still running the vulnerable release.
RemediationAI
Upgrade the Vigor2960 to firmware 1.5.1.7 using DrayTek's archive at https://fw.draytek.com.tw/Vigor2960/Firmware/v1.5.1.7/Vigor2960_v1.5.1.7.zip; this is the vendor-released fix and the only version identified as remediating the flaw. Because the device is end-of-sale with limited vendor support, plan replacement if 1.5.1.7 cannot be maintained. If upgrading is not immediately possible, remove WAN exposure of the web management interface, restrict /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi and administrative access to a trusted management VLAN or IP allowlist, and rotate credentials for accounts that can reach the UI; these controls lower the chance of authenticated exploitation but do not correct the upload validation weakness. Also monitor for unexpected file changes and review logs for unusual POST requests to the commonupload handler.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The DrayTek Vigor2960 is a router/security gateway with a CGI-based web management interface served through /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi. The commonupload routine accepts upload_path and upload_name parameters and fails to sufficiently restrict the destination path or filename, placing the issue in the CWE-434 unrestricted upload class; the public case describes the practical effect as arbitrary file clobber. Exploitation occurs over HTTP(S) against the management interface and, per the assessed vector, requires a valid authenticated session (PR:L). The affected build is 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218, and CPE data confirms the DrayTek Vigor2960 product family. Because the device is end-of-sale, firmware 1.5.1.7 is the remediation boundary.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Network-reachable low-complexity upload needs a valid login (PR:L), and arbitrary file clobber yields limited confidentiality, integrity and availability impact (C/I/A:L).
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability was determined in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component commonupload. Executing a manipulation of the argument upload_path/upload_name can lead to unrestricted upload. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 1.5.1.7 is capable of addressing this issue. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component. The vendor explains: "2960 1.5.1.7 has corrected many security issues. And 2960 is EoS with limited support, only major issues would be reviewed(e.g. unauthenticated vuln.)". This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Malicious file upload attacks exploit insufficient validation when web applications accept user-provided files.
OS command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows authenticated, low-privilege attackers t
Authenticated command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows a low-privileged user with valid crede
Authenticated command injection in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 lets a low-privileged user of the web managem
Path traversal in DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 Revision 8218 allows an authenticated low-privilege user to manipulate the s
Authenticated command injection in the IPsec certificate-handling path of DrayTek Vigor2960 routers running firmware 1.5
Authenticated path traversal in the End-of-Sale DrayTek Vigor2960 1.5.1.6 web management interface lets a low-privilege
Authenticated path traversal in DrayTek Vigor2960 firmware 1.5.1.6 (Revision 8218) lets a user with a valid web-manageme
EUVD-2026-105001
GHSA-hghw-mj7p-r942
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB