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vgmstream CVE-2026-110660

| EUVDEUVD-2026-101133 MEDIUM
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2026-10-14 VulnCheck GHSA-gvx8-xp47-575f
4.8
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Deliver crafted .s14/.sss file to victim
  2. Delivery
    Victim opens file in vgmstream player
  3. Exploit
    Format detection invokes G.722.1 decoder
  4. Execution
    Bit reader refills past data_u32 array end
  5. Impact
    Stack out-of-bounds read crashes application

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires a victim to open or let a vgmstream-based application process an attacker-supplied .s14 or .sss (Siren14/G.722.1) file; the flaw triggers specifically during format detection when decode_vector_quantized_mlt_indices() is reached and the bit reader refills without bounds-checking the data_u32 array end. LIMITING FACTORS: this is a LOCAL vector (AV:L) requiring passive user interaction (UI:P) - the attacker cannot trigger it without the victim handling the file - and impact is limited to an application crash (availability only), with no confidentiality or integrity effect. No special non-default configuration is needed; any vgmstream build through r2117 that parses the crafted file is affected.

Impact

Signals are consistent and point to a low-to-moderate, availability-only issue rather than a top priority. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L) scores 4.8 and describes a local attack requiring passive user interaction (the victim must open or process a malicious file), with impact limited to the vulnerable system's availability (VA:L) and NO confidentiality or integrity impact. This is corroborated by the description, which states the OOB read results in 'crashing the application' - i.e., a denial-of-service/crash, not data exfiltration. Publicly available exploit code exists (a HackMD write-up is referenced), which raises practical reproducibility, but there is NO CISA KEV listing and NO active-exploitation evidence, so exploitation status is 'publicly available exploit code exists' only. No EPSS score and no SSVC decision were provided in the input, so probabilistic and decision-framework signals cannot be weighed. CONFLICT TO NOTE: the input Tag 'Information Disclosure' is inconsistent with the CVSS vector (VC:N) and the description (crash), so this should be treated as a crash/DoS primitive, not a confirmed information leak - verify before escalating. Net: real but low priority given the local vector, required user interaction, and crash-only impact.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malicious .s14 or .sss Siren14/G.722.1 audio file and distributes it (e.g., bundled with a game audio rip or shared on a forum). When a victim opens or lets a vgmstream-based application auto-scan the file, format detection invokes the G.722.1 decoder whose unchecked bit-reader refill reads past the stack buffer, crashing the application. A public proof-of-concept write-up exists, so reproduction is straightforward, but impact is limited to a local denial of service.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

Stack out-of-bounds read in vgmstream through r2117's G.722.1/Siren14 decoder can be triggered when a victim opens or lets a vgmstream-based application process a crafted .s14 or .sss file, causing an application crash. The issue is local-vector with passive user interaction and is availability-only, consistent with an assessed CVSS 3.1 score of 4.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L). Publicly available exploit code exists, but no CISA KEV confirmation is provided.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch version is identified in the available data. Track the upstream project and the VulnCheck advisory to confirm whether a fix lands after r2117, and upgrade to a patched build if one becomes available. Until then, avoid processing untrusted .s14 or .sss files with vgmstream-based applications; if the build allows disabling the G.722.1/Siren14 decoder, disable it, accepting loss of playback for those formats. Additional compensating controls include running file parsing in a sandbox or low-privilege container to limit crash impact and enforcing file type/allowlist validation before decoding. References: https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vgmstream-through-r2117-stack-out-of-bounds-read-via-g-722.1-siren14-decoder and exploit writeup https://hackmd.io/@haind-pwn/vgmstream-g7221-bitreader-oob-read.

Affected VersionsENISA

vgmstream 0 ≤r2117

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is CWE-125, an out-of-bounds read, in vgmstream's G.722.1/Siren14 decoder in src/coding/libs/g7221_lib.c. The decoder's bit reader refills without checking the end of the data_u32 array, so when decode_vector_quantized_mlt_indices() is reached during format detection for .s14 or .sss input, the read can pass the stack buffer and crash the application. The provided CPE cpe:2.3:a:vgmstream:vgmstream:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covers the affected product scope through r2117, and the referenced source line L838 points to the impacted code path.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 4.8 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 3.3 LOW

Local file parsing needs the user to open a crafted file (AV:L, UI:R) with no privileges (PR:N); impact is a crash only, so C:N/I:N and A:L.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Passive
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

vgmstream through r2117 contains a stack out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the G.722.1/Siren14 decoder in g7221_lib.c, whose bit reader refills without checking the data_u32 array end. Attackers can supply crafted .s14 or .sss files that drive decode_vector_quantized_mlt_indices() past the stack buffer during format detection, crashing the application.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 94% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche video-game audio decoding library, mainly hobbyist/enthusiast use
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

44
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +24
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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