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Cockpit CMS CVE-2026-109379

| EUVDEUVD-2026-97877 MEDIUM
Observable Timing Discrepancy (CWE-208)
2026-10-12 disclosure@vulncheck.com GHSA-gm9c-qwh2-h88c
6.9
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vulncheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    POST login guesses to /auth/check
  2. Exploit
    Measure bcrypt response timing
  3. Execution
    Correlate latency per candidate
  4. Impact
    Enumerate valid accounts and emails

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Timing attack prevention
Exploitation Conditions

No special configuration required - remote unauthenticated requests to the default /auth/check login endpoint of Cockpit CMS 2.14.1 are sufficient, because the incomplete prior timing fix leaves existing accounts performing two bcrypt operations versus one for non-existent accounts. Limiting factors: exploitation is a statistical timing side-channel, so network jitter and server load can obscure the signal and typically force many repeated, averaged requests per candidate; the flaw yields only account/email enumeration, not authentication bypass or credential disclosure, and is remediated in the patched build that adds the dummy bcrypt check.

Impact

Signals are consistent and point to a genuine-but-moderate issue rather than a top-priority emergency. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) confirms a remotely reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated vector, which matches the description of an anonymous attacker POSTing to /auth/check. However, impact is confined to confidentiality at LOW (VC:L, VI:N, VA:N): the flaw leaks the existence of usernames/email addresses, not credentials, data, or code execution. No EPSS score was supplied, the CVE is NOT on the CISA KEV list, and no public exploit code is referenced in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The 6.9 score is driven by the easy network vector, not by severe impact. Net: a real, legitimately confirmed weakness (the vendor shipped a dummy-bcrypt fix) best treated as an information-disclosure reconnaissance aid that feeds later credential attacks, not as a standalone critical. No signals conflict with each other here.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An unauthenticated attacker repeatedly POSTs login attempts to /auth/check with candidate usernames or emails and measures server response time. Because an existing account triggers two bcrypt operations while a non-existent one triggers only one, slower responses reveal valid accounts, which the attacker then feeds into password-spraying or phishing. No public exploit code is identified, but the technique is trivially scriptable given the CVSS AV:N/AC:L profile.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 12, 2026

Account enumeration in Cockpit CMS 2.14.1 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to identify valid usernames and email addresses by measuring response-time differences at the /auth/check login endpoint. The flaw is an incomplete timing fix: existing accounts trigger two bcrypt operations while non-existent accounts trigger only one, producing a statistically observable signal. The independent assessment rates this as a genuine-but-moderate information disclosure with no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and an upstream fix commit is available.

RemediationAI

Apply the upstream fix commit 5d65ae7b63a261a63e8809e5fba857ef3eadb2ac, which adds a dummy bcrypt password_verify call for non-existent accounts to equalize timing; no tagged patch release version is confirmed. If applying the commit is not immediately possible, deploy rate limiting and CAPTCHA on the /auth/check endpoint to make repeated timing measurements impractical, though this does not remove the underlying side-channel. Restrict access to the Cockpit CMS admin/login interface to trusted networks via firewall rules or reverse-proxy IP allowlists, accepting reduced accessibility for legitimate users. Monitor logs for high-volume login attempts to detect enumeration in progress. For further details, see the VulnCheck advisory and GitHub issue 328.

Affected VersionsENISA

cockpit 2.14.1 ≤2.14.1

Affected Packages

euvd cockpit no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is an observable timing discrepancy (CWE-208) in Cockpit CMS's authentication check. In the PHP implementation at modules/App/Controller/Auth.php, the check() method compares submitted credentials against stored records; for existing accounts it performs two bcrypt password_verify operations, while non-existent accounts cause only one. An attacker can statistically analyze response times from repeated POST requests to /auth/check to distinguish valid from invalid usernames/emails, because the extra bcrypt computation adds measurable latency. The upstream fix commit 5d65ae7b63a261a63e8809e5fba857ef3eadb2ac introduces a dummy bcrypt hash and invokes password_verify on it when the account does not exist, equalizing the number of bcrypt computations. This is a low-severity information disclosure that does not bypass authentication or reveal passwords.

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Severity by source

Vendor (vulncheck) PRIMARY 6.9 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 5.3 MEDIUM

Remote unauthenticated POST to the login endpoint (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) leaks only account existence, so C:L with I:N/A:N and no scope change.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (vulncheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: vulncheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Cockpit CMS 2.14.1 contains an observable timing discrepancy vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to enumerate accounts due to an incomplete timing fix in /auth/check. Attackers can post login attempts and measure response times, since existing accounts incur two bcrypt operations versus one, revealing valid usernames and email addresses.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 73% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche self-hosted open-source headless CMS, limited enterprise footprint
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

34
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +34
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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