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Kirki Page Builder CVE-2026-102291

| EUVDEUVD-2026-96287 MEDIUM
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)
2026-10-10 Wordfence GHSA-v9xh-p885-r83g
5.4
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: Wordfence
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Register or log in as Subscriber
  2. Delivery
    Set display_name to malicious shortcode via profile form
  3. Exploit
    Visitor loads member-directory page bound to display_name
  4. Execution
    Kirki runs do_shortcode() on unfiltered markup
  5. Impact
    Arbitrary shortcode executes in every visitor's request

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires (1) an authenticated account with Subscriber-level access or above - satisfied trivially on any site allowing open registration; and (2) a published page containing a Kirki element whose dynamic content is explicitly bound to the display_name user field, most commonly a users-collection / team or member-directory page. The attacker-controlled input is the display_name value, writable by any user on their own account through the core WordPress profile form. The primary LIMITING factor is condition (2): on sites without such a display_name-bound published page, the vulnerable do_shortcode() path is never reached, so default or non-directory installations are not exposed. Where the directory page exists, the injected shortcode executes in the request of every visitor, including unauthenticated ones, removing any per-victim interaction requirement.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity, authentication-gated injection flaw (CWE-74) rather than a top-priority emergency. The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N = 5.4) indicates network-reachable exploitation requiring only low privileges and no user interaction, which is consistent with the description: any Subscriber-level account can set its own display_name via the core WordPress profile form, and that value is passed unfiltered into do_shortcode(). No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC were supplied, so by the precision rules the exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis' - all three high-urgency signals are therefore absent or unknown. A key limiting factor tempers the raw score: exploitation is NOT universal against default installs, because it requires a published page containing a Kirki element whose dynamic content is specifically bound to the display_name user field (typically a users/member-directory collection page). This is a real but conditional risk: where such a page exists it is serious (the injected shortcode executes in the request of every visitor, including unauthenticated ones, effectively converting a low-privilege account into influence over all site visitors), but sites without that configuration are not exposed. Note the 'RCE' tag overstates impact - the flaw is arbitrary WordPress shortcode execution, not operating-system remote code execution; actual impact depends on which shortcodes are registered on the site.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker registers or uses an existing Subscriber account on a WordPress site that runs Kirki and has a published member-directory page binding dynamic content to display_name. They edit their own profile, setting their display name to a malicious shortcode string; when any visitor (including unauthenticated ones) loads the directory page, Kirki's TheFrontend::replace_content() runs the attacker's shortcode server-side. No public exploit code was provided in the source data.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 10, 2026

Arbitrary shortcode execution in the Kirki - Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer plugin for WordPress (all versions up to and including 6.3.1) lets any authenticated user with Subscriber-level access or above inject shortcodes by writing them into their own display_name profile field, which the plugin splices unfiltered into composed page markup and then passes through do_shortcode(). The flaw is exploitable as a remote, network-reachable issue requiring only a low-privileged account (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N, 5.4), rated moderate by the independent assessment; the key precondition is that a published page must exist containing a Kirki element whose dynamic content is explicitly bound to the display_name user field - typically a team or member-directory / users-collection page - and on sites without such a page the vulnerable code path is never reached. Where that binding does exist, the injected shortcode executes in the request of every visitor, including unauthenticated ones, so per-victim interaction is not required; no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation was identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade the Kirki - Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer plugin to version 6.3.2, as indicated by the repository changeset that supersedes tag 6.3.1 with tag 6.3.2 (https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=&new=3718900%40kirki%2Ftags%2F6.3.2&old=3697265%40kirki%2Ftags%2F6.3.1); verify the installed version in the WordPress admin plugins screen after updating, and consult the Wordfence advisory (https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/bed93040-a843-417e-89b4-5ab3cba788aa?source=cve) for confirmation. If updating immediately is not possible, the most effective compensating control is to remove the exposure condition rather than the plugin: identify and unpublish or edit any published page containing a Kirki element whose dynamic content is bound to the display_name user field (typically team/member-directory or users-collection pages), which eliminates the vulnerable do_shortcode() path - the trade-off is loss of that dynamic front-end feature until the patch is applied. Secondarily, restrict account creation and audit existing Subscriber-level accounts, since exploitation requires an authenticated low-privilege user; disabling open registration or requiring administrator approval reduces the attack surface but does not prevent abuse by legitimate low-privilege users and will impede normal site onboarding. Reviewing WordPress user profiles for suspicious shortcode syntax in display_name can help detect attempted exploitation, and because the injected shortcode is rendered for all visitors on an affected page, purging page caches after remediation is advisable to clear any previously rendered malicious output.

Affected VersionsENISA

Kirki – Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer 0 ≤6.3.1

Affected Packages

euvd kirki_freeform_page_builder_website_builder_customizer no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is a CWE-74 injection class flaw in how the Kirki plugin assembles front-end markup. According to the referenced 6.3.1 source, TheFrontend::replace_content() (includes/Frontend/TheFrontend.php#L144) builds page output by substituting dynamic WordPress user data - here the display_name field - directly into the composed markup, and the resulting string is then run through WordPress's do_shortcode() engine. Supporting vulnerable logic appears in includes/Frontend/Preview/Utils.php at lines 308, 334 and 408 and in includes/HelperFunctions.php#L1117, with the shortcode registration path in includes/Manager/PluginShortcode.php#L40. Because display_name is a core WordPress profile field that any authenticated user can freely edit on their own account, an attacker with Subscriber-level privileges can place an arbitrary shortcode string into it; when a Kirki element is bound to that user field, the plugin treats the attacker's shortcode as trusted markup and executes it, and because the injection is stored in the page's rendered output the shortcode fires for every subsequent visitor. The affected component per CPE is the Themeum-distributed kirki plugin (cpe:2.3:a:themeum:kirki_-_freeform_page_builder,_website_builder_&_customizer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), i.e. the WordPress plugin named 'Kirki - Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer'. The Wordfence-tagged 'RCE' label reflects the shortcode-execution surface, but the assessed impact (limited confidentiality and integrity, no availability impact) is consistent with arbitrary shortcode execution rather than direct host-level code execution.

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Severity by source

Vendor (Wordfence) PRIMARY 5.4 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.4 MEDIUM

Network-reachable with only a self-service Subscriber account so PR:L, no interaction needed; impact limited to whatever registered shortcodes allow, giving C:L/I:L/A:N.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).

CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

The Kirki - Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 6.3.1 This is due to the plugin substituting a user's display_name into the composed page markup unfiltered and then running the whole result through do_shortcode() in TheFrontend::replace_content(). Because display_name is writable by any user on their own account through the core profile form, this makes it possible for authenticated attackers with Subscriber-level access and above to execute arbitrary shortcodes. Where the page is a users collection - an ordinary team or member-directory page - the shortcode runs in the request of every visitor, including unauthenticated ones. Requires a published page with a Kirki element whose dynamic content is bound to the display_name user field.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 79% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
Kirki is a widely-known customizer/page-builder plugin but not on every WordPress site
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

27
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +27
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

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