What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-8851?

CVE-2025-8851 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 4.8 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-8851?

During next maintenance window: Identify affected systems running LibTIFF and apply vendor patches when convenient. Vendor patch is available.

Libtiff CVE-2025-8851

MEDIUM

Buffer Overflow (CWE-119)

2025-08-11 cna@vuldb.com

Buffer Overflow Red Hat Libtiff Suse

4.8

CVSS 4.0 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-119 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, buffer size validation MITRE ATT&CK 2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 4.8 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.02%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A local attacker with access to the system could corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A vulnerability was determined in LibTIFF up to 4.5.1. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Use memory-safe languages or bounds-checking. Enable ASLR, DEP/NX, stack canaries. Use safe string functions.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Buffer Overflow (CWE-119), which allows attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application. A vulnerability was determined in LibTIFF up to 4.5.1. Affected by this issue is the function readSeparateStripsetoBuffer of the file tools/tiffcrop.c of the component tiffcrop. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Local access is required to approach this attack. The patch is identified as 8a7a48d7a645992ca83062b3a1873c951661e2b3. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. Affected products include: Libtiff. Version information: up to 4.5.1..

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.8 MEDIUM

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SUSE 4.3 MEDIUM

AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Red Hat 5.3 MEDIUM

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

None

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

Low

Vulnerable system: Integrity

Low

Vulnerable system: Availability

Low

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

None

Subsequent system: Integrity

None

Subsequent system: Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

Patch released

Mar 28, 2026 - 19:06 nvd

Patch available

CVE Published

Aug 11, 2025 - 14:15 nvd

MEDIUM 4.8

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability was determined in LibTIFF up to 4.5.1. Affected by this issue is the function readSeparateStripsetoBuffer of the file tools/tiffcrop.c of the component tiffcrop. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Local access is required to approach this attack. The patch is identified as 8a7a48d7a645992ca83062b3a1873c951661e2b3. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using LibTIFF should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-8851, a buffer overflow vulnerability rated CVSS 4.8. Exploitation could cause memory corruption or application crashes. A patch is available and should be applied during regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.0%

Top 95% exploitable

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.0%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +24

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:libtiff:libtiff:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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6.8 Nov 11

ppm2tiff does not check the return value of the TIFFScanlineSize function, which allows remote attackers to cause a deni

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9.8 Jan 08

Heap-based buffer overflow in the PackBitsPreEncode function in tif_packbits.c in bmp2tiff in libtiff 4.0.6 and earlier

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9.8 Jan 08

The _TIFFVGetField function in tif_dir.c in libtiff 4.0.6 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid memory

CVE-2016-9534 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Nov 22

tif_write.c in libtiff 4.0.6 has an issue in the error code path of TIFFFlushData1() that didn't reset the tif_rawcc and

CVE-2017-17095 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Dec 02

tools/pal2rgb.c in pal2rgb in LibTIFF 4.0.9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (TIFFSetupStrips heap-b

CVE-2016-8331 HIGH This Week POC

8.1 Oct 28

An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the handling of TIFF images in LibTIFF version 4.0.6. Rated

CVE-2017-5225 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Jan 12

LibTIFF version 4.0.7 is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow in the tools/tiffcp resulting in DoS or code execution via

CVE-2017-17973 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Dec 29

In LibTIFF 4.0.8, there is a heap-based use-after-free in the t2p_writeproc function in tiff2pdf.c. Rated high severity

CVE-2017-9935 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Jun 26

In LibTIFF 4.0.8, there is a heap-based buffer overflow in the t2p_write_pdf function in tools/tiff2pdf.c. Rated high se

CVE-2017-17942 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Dec 28

In LibTIFF 4.0.9, there is a heap-based buffer over-read in the function PackBitsEncode in tif_packbits.c. Rated high se

CVE-2023-25434 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Jun 14

libtiff 4.5.0 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via extractContigSamplesBytes() at /libtiff/tools/tiffcrop.c:3215. Rated

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A vulnerability was found in LibTIFF. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no aut

Same weakness CWE-119 – Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2020-0796 CRITICAL POC

10.0

CVE-2017-11882 HIGH POC

7.8

CVE-2014-6332 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2015-2426 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2013-3918 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2023-4966 HIGH POC

7.5

CVE-2017-11774 HIGH POC

7.8

CVE-2013-3660 HIGH POC

7.8

Same technique Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2017-7269 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2015-3113 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2019-11043 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2009-0927 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC

8.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Medium

Product	Status
Container containers/open-webui:0.6.18-12.46 Container containers/vllm-openai:0.9.1-3.40 Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-3P Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Hardened-GCE Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL-Azure Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL-EC2 Image SLES15-SP6-SAPCAL-GCE Image SLES15-SP7-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP7-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP7-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure-3P Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-EC2 Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-GCE Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-GCE-3P Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Hardened-Azure Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Hardened-GCE Image SLES15-SP7-SAPCAL-Azure Image SLES15-SP7-SAPCAL-EC2 Image SLES15-SP7-SAPCAL-GCE Image ai_15_6	Affected
Image SLES12-SP5-Azure-SAP-BYOS Image SLES12-SP5-Azure-SAP-On-Demand Image SLES12-SP5-EC2-SAP-BYOS Image SLES12-SP5-EC2-SAP-On-Demand Image SLES12-SP5-GCE-SAP-BYOS Image SLES12-SP5-GCE-SAP-On-Demand Image SLES12-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES12-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production	Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6	Fixed

References

Advisories & patches

PATCH https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/commit/8a7a48d7a645992ca83062b3a1873c951661e2b3 ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:3957/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:3989/ REF http://www.libtiff.org/ REF https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319382 REF https://vuldb.com/?id.319382 REF https://vuldb.com/?submit.624604

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