Exam Form Submission
CVE-2025-8239
MEDIUM
Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSend HTTP request to /admin/ with malicious email parameter
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ExploitSQL injection payload executes on database
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ImpactData exfiltration or unauthorized modification
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
|
| Exploitation Conditions | No authentication required; the vulnerable /admin/ endpoint is accessible remotely with no additional configuration, user interaction, or custom deployment settings. The email parameter directly feeds into the SQL query without validation. |
| Impact | CVSS 4.0 rates this as medium severity (5.5) with a vector indicating low attack complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N), but only limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. EPSS indicates a very low exploitation probability (0.07%, 20th percentile). No CISA KEV listing suggests no known active exploitation. While a public proof of concept exists, the combination of low impact, low product prevalence, and low EPSS makes this a low-priority risk for most organizations. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to the /admin/ endpoint with an email parameter containing a SQL injection payload, such as ' OR 1=1--, leading to unauthorized data retrieval or manipulation of the backend database. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 26, 2026
SQL injection in Code-Projects Exam Form Submission 1.0 allows remote attackers to inject SQL commands via the email parameter of the /admin/ endpoint. A public exploit is available, but the vulnerability has a low EPSS score (0.07%) and affects a niche project with limited deployment, reducing real-world urgency despite the critical classification.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch is available. As an immediate workaround, restrict access to the /admin/ endpoint by IP whitelisting at the web server or WAF level, though this may block legitimate administrative users. Deploy a WAF rule that sanitizes or rejects SQL metacharacters in the email parameter. Consider migrating to a maintained alternative, as the project appears unmaintained by the original developer (code-projects).
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability lies in a PHP-based web application (Code-Projects Exam Form Submission) that handles form data. The CWE-74 (Injection) root cause points to improper neutralization of user-supplied email input within the administrative interface (/admin/). The email parameter is directly embedded in SQL queries without parameterization or sanitization, enabling classic SQL injection. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:code-projects:exam_form_submission:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* identifies the sole affected version.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Remote, low complexity, no privileges or user interaction, limited impact on all three security properties.
Primary rating from NVD.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /admin/. The manipulation of the argument email leads to sql injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
VulDB
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.
Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org
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Exploit-DB