Exam Form Submission
CVE-2025-8273
MEDIUM
Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Admin-path endpoint implies some authentication level (PR:L); no availability impact from standard SQLi; limited data read/write consistent with VC:L/VI:L.
Primary rating from NVD.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/update_s8.php. The manipulation of the argument credits leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
AnalysisAI
SQL injection in code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0 exposes the underlying database through the credits parameter of /admin/update_s8.php. The CVSS 4.0 vector assigns PR:N (no privileges required), though the admin-path endpoint raises questions about whether authentication is enforced - a detail not resolved by available data. A publicly available proof-of-concept exploit exists (GitHub issue linked in references), but EPSS remains very low at 0.09% (25th percentile), indicating negligible observed exploitation activity at this time. No vendor-released patch has been identified.
Technical ContextAI
The affected product is code-projects Exam Form Submission 1.0, a PHP-based web application (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:code-projects:exam_form_submission:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). The root cause is CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component - Injection), specifically SQL injection, which arises from unsanitized user input passed directly into database queries. The vulnerable parameter credits in /admin/update_s8.php is not sanitized or parameterized before being interpolated into SQL statements. Code-projects is a source-code marketplace providing PHP projects primarily for educational use, meaning production deployments are likely minimal and unpatched by nature.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch has been identified at time of analysis; code-projects typically does not issue security updates for educational PHP projects. The primary remediation is to replace direct string concatenation in SQL queries with parameterized queries or prepared statements using PHP's PDO or MySQLi extensions - this eliminates the injection surface at the root cause level. As an immediate compensating control, administrators should restrict network access to the /admin/ directory via web server configuration (e.g., IP allowlisting in Apache .htaccess or nginx allow/deny directives), limiting exposure to trusted internal networks only. A web application firewall rule blocking SQL metacharacters in the credits parameter can reduce risk but should not be relied upon as a primary defense. If the application is not in active production use, decommissioning it entirely removes all risk. See the VulDB entry at https://vuldb.com/?id.317862 for the original disclosure context.
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