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Eaton UPS Companion CVE-2025-67450

HIGH
Uncontrolled Search Path Element (CWE-427)
2025-12-26 CybersecurityCOE@eaton.com
7.8
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain low-privileged local access
  2. Delivery
    Plant malicious library in search path
  3. Exploit
    Trigger UPS Companion to load library
  4. Execution
    Execute arbitrary code in app context
  5. Impact
    Escalate privileges / persist

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
ASVS 5.0
V13 - Configuration Search path element control
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already have local access to the host running Eaton UPS Companion and the ability to write a malicious library into a directory that the trusted UPS Companion executable searches during library loading (CWE-427). Limiting factors: this is local-only (AV:L), requires existing low-privilege access (PR:L), and is high-complexity (AC:H) - meaning success depends on specific, non-guaranteed conditions such as a writable/attacker-controlled search path, correct library name, and the application actually loading that library. There is no network vector and no evidence of a default-configuration remote exploit.

Impact

This is a local, moderate-complexity code-execution flaw rather than a remotely-wormable emergency. The supplied CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N) confirms the attacker must already have local, low-privilege access to the host running Eaton UPS Companion and must satisfy specific conditions (AC:H) - consistent with CWE-427 insecure library loading (DLL/shared-object hijacking), where a malicious library must be planted in a path the trusted executable searches. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public POC is present in the provided data, so there is no evidence of active or opportunistic exploitation; the realistic use case is a local privilege-escalation or persistence step by an attacker who has already gained a foothold, not mass remote compromise. The base score of 7.8 (HIGH) is driven by full C/I/A impact and the vendor's scope-change (S:C) assertion, but the local vector plus high complexity meaningfully lowers real-world urgency compared to a network-exploitable 7.8. Note a divergence worth verifying: the description phrase 'an attacker with access to the software package' suggests write access to the install directory or the library search path, which argues for PR:L/PR:H and high complexity, not low-friction exploitation. Also note the vendor-assigned S:C (scope change) is plausible only if the hijacked library executes in a higher-privilege context than the attacker's - this should be confirmed with the Eaton bulletin.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who already has a low-privileged local account on a Windows host where Eaton UPS Companion is installed places a malicious library in a directory the UPS Companion executable searches before the legitimate one. When the application (or its service) next loads that library, the attacker's code runs in the application's context, yielding arbitrary code execution and potential privilege escalation. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 06, 2026

Local code execution in Eaton UPS Companion stems from insecure library loading (CWE-427), allowing an attacker who already has low-privilege access to the host to place a malicious library in a directory the trusted executable searches, causing the process to load and execute attacker code. Eaton says the flaw is fixed in the latest UPS Companion release on its download center, and the vendor scores it 7.8 (local, high complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction). No public exploit code and no CISA KEV entry are present at time of analysis, so the practical risk is bounded by the need for pre-existing local access and a writable search location rather than any remote path.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to the latest Eaton UPS Companion build from the Eaton download center, per vendor bulletin ETN-VA-2025-1027 (https://www.eaton.com/content/dam/eaton/company/news-insights/cybersecurity/security-bulletins/etn-va-2025-1027.pdf); patch status is 'patch available per vendor advisory' because the input data supplies no exact fixed version string. If immediate upgrade is not possible, note that exploitation requires the attacker to already hold low-privilege local access and a writable library search path: tighten NTFS permissions on the UPS Companion installation directory and its subdirectories so only administrators can create or modify files, remove user-writable directories and the current working directory from the library search path where the application or environment permits, and deploy application allowlisting or DLL search-order hardening to prevent unsigned libraries from loading from the install folder. Trade-offs are real: allowlisting and search-path restrictions can break legitimate plugins, updates, or user-local installs and need ongoing maintenance, and permission tightening may disrupt logging or configuration directories. As a detection measure, monitor for unexpected DLLs appearing alongside the UPS Companion executable or being loaded from user-writable paths.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-427, uncontrolled search path element, where a program resolves a dynamic library by name or relative path without restricting the search to trusted, non-writable locations. In the Eaton UPS Companion executable, at least one library is resolved through a search order that can include attacker-writable directories such as a user-controlled install path, the process working directory, or a PATH entry; any process able to create a file with the expected library name in one of those directories gets its code executed inside the UPS Companion process context. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:eaton:ups_companion:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* indicates the issue applies across releases before the fixed build. Because exploitation requires local write access plus correct library naming and placement, the assessed profile stays local and high-complexity (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N), with impact confined to the privileges of the invoking user rather than an operating-system-wide scope change; the flaw class is well understood and typically addressed by qualified/absolute library paths, safe DLL search mode, or install-directory permission hardening.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.0 HIGH

Insecure library loading requires existing local low-privileged access and control of the search path, so AV:L/PR:L/AC:H; I assess S:U as the description does not confirm a cross-boundary scope change (vendor used S:C).

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionNVD

Due to insecure library loading in the Eaton UPS Companion software executable, an attacker with access to the software package

could perform arbitrary code execution . This security issue has been fixed in the latest version of EUC which is available on the Eaton download center.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A high-severity local code-execution flaw in Eaton UPS Companion lets someone who already holds low-privilege access to a host plant a malicious library where the trusted application will load and run it, potentially gaining the application's privileges on power-management workstations and servers. Organizational exposure is limited to machines where the software is installed and where a non-administrative user can write to a directory the executable searches, so multi-user endpoints and shared servers carry the greatest concentration of risk rather than any remote or internet-facing path. Leadership should treat this as a patch-management priority across the UPS Companion fleet; Eaton has released a fix and no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Business Impact: Medium
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 97% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
Vendor UPS-management software bundled with Eaton UPS units; common but not universal
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Medium

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:a:eaton:ups_companion:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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