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Pexip Infinity CVE-2025-66377

HIGH
Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306)
2025-12-25 cve@mitre.org
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: mitre
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Compromise one Pexip node (code exec)
  2. Delivery
    Reach internal API on adjacent node network
  3. Exploit
    Invoke unauthenticated critical function
  4. Execution
    Manipulate/disrupt other nodes
  5. Impact
    Cluster-wide impact to conferencing service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication required for critical functions
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to ALREADY have code-execution on at least one node within a Pexip Infinity installation - this is a lateral-movement primitive, not initial access. Given that foothold, the attacker abuses a product-internal API that is missing authentication for a critical function, reachable over the adjacent inter-node network (AV:A), to affect other nodes. Limiting factors: requires an existing node compromise, adjacent (not remote-internet) network position to the internal API, high attack complexity (AC:H), and a multi-node deployment for the cross-node impact to matter. Affected: Pexip Infinity before version 39.0.

Impact

Signals are moderate and internally consistent. The vendor/NVD CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 7.5) describes an adjacent-network, high-complexity attack with full CIA impact but no scope change. The most important risk-limiting fact comes from the description itself, not the vector: the attacker 'already has access to execute code on one node' - i.e., this is a post-compromise lateral-movement / blast-radius primitive, not an initial entry point. PR:N is technically correct because the product-internal API performs no authentication, but that PR:N materially overstates accessibility since a prior code-execution foothold on a Pexip node is a hard prerequisite. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC were provided, so there is no evidence of active exploitation or automated weaponization. Net: a real, worth-patching defense-in-depth issue that contains a breach rather than a high-urgency internet-facing emergency. This is a legitimately-rated medium/high flaw, not a high-CVSS-but-trivial-risk case, but also not a mass-exploitation candidate.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already achieved code execution on one node of a multi-node Pexip Infinity deployment (e.g., via a separate vulnerability or misconfiguration) reaches the unauthenticated internal API exposed on the adjacent inter-node management network. Because the critical function requires no authentication, the attacker issues API calls that disrupt or manipulate the operation of other nodes in the installation, expanding a single-node compromise across the cluster. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 30, 2026

Missing authentication for a critical function in Pexip Infinity's product-internal API, present in all releases before 39.0, allows an attacker who already holds code execution on one node of an installation to reach across the adjacent inter-node network and degrade, disrupt, or otherwise impact the operation of other nodes in that same installation. Scored CVSS 7.5 (AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), the flaw is unauthenticated per the vector but is gated by high attack complexity, an adjacent network position, a pre-existing foothold on a cluster node, and the existence of a multi-node deployment for the cross-node impact to matter - it is a lateral-movement primitive rather than an initial-access vector. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not in CISA KEV.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to Pexip Infinity 39.0 or later, which is the first release line in which this vulnerability is absent according to the vendor bulletin (https://docs.pexip.com/admin/security_bulletins.htm); because the vulnerable function is server-side, upgrading every node in the installation - not just the perimeter-facing ones - is required for the fix to be effective. Where an immediate upgrade is not possible, the highest-value compensating control is to segment and firewall the inter-node network so that only the specific addresses and ports genuinely needed for clustering can talk to each other, since the API is only exploitable from an adjacent position; the trade-off is that overly strict inter-node filtering can break cluster formation, call routing, and media failover, so changes should be staged and tested in a non-production cluster. Because exploitation presupposes an existing node compromise, also treat any node as a trust boundary: harden the guest OS and management interfaces, restrict administrative logins to a jump host, and alert on unexpected inter-node traffic or anomalous node state changes so that a foothold is detected before it is used to affect peers. Rotating credentials and secrets and validating node membership after any suspected compromise is advisable, and there is no reliance on client-side configuration changes as a mitigation.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause class is CWE-306, Missing Authentication for a Critical Function. Pexip Infinity is a virtualized, multi-node conferencing and meeting platform in which nodes (management, signaling/transcoding, and proxy roles) communicate over an internal control/data plane. A critical function exposed on that product-internal API accepts requests without authenticating the caller, so any process that can already execute code on a node can issue those requests to sibling nodes and influence their state. The CVSS vector AV:A confirms the API is reachable over an adjacent/inter-node network segment rather than from the public internet, AC:H reflects non-trivial preconditions and timing, PR:N reflects that the vulnerable function itself performs no authentication check, and the C:H/I:H/A:H triad reflects that successful abuse can affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability of peer nodes. CPE cpe:2.3:a:pexip:pexip_infinity with a wildcard version confirms the impact spans the entire release line prior to 39.0 rather than a single build.

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Severity by source

Vendor (mitre) PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.5 HIGH

Internal API needs no auth (PR:N) but reachable only over the inter-node/adjacent network (AV:A) and gated by a prior code-exec foothold plus multi-node setup (AC:H); full CIA on peer nodes, same-scope.

3.1 AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (mitre).

CVSS VectorVendor: mitre

Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

Pexip Infinity before 39.0 has Missing Authentication for a Critical Function in a product-internal API, allowing an attacker (who already has access to execute code on one node within a Pexip Infinity installation) to impact the operation of other nodes within the installation.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Pexip Infinity, a video conferencing platform, has a high-severity vulnerability in all versions before 39.0 that could allow an attacker with an existing foothold on one node to disrupt other nodes in a multi-node deployment, leading to service degradation or outages. This impacts organizations relying on Pexip for critical communications, and no vendor-released patch is identified at time of analysis. While exploitation requires a pre-existing compromise and high attack complexity, the risk of lateral movement and disruption across nodes makes this a priority for security leadership.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Interim mitigations include network segmentation to restrict inter-node communication, strict firewall rules between nodes, continuous monitoring of inter-node traffic, enforcing least privilege to limit code execution on nodes, and rapid detection and isolation of compromised nodes. No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 90% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
specialized enterprise video-conferencing/interop platform, single vendor, niche footprint
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Controlled
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

38
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:pexip:pexip_infinity:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2014-8779 HIGH POC
7.1 Feb 03

Pexip Infinity before 8 uses the same SSH host keys across different customers' installations, which allows man-in-the-m

CVE-2017-6551 CRITICAL
9.8 May 02

Pexip Infinity before 14.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (service restart) or execute arbitrary c

CVE-2020-11805 CRITICAL
9.8 Sep 25

Pexip Reverse Proxy and TURN Server before 6.1.0 has Incorrect UDP Access Control via TURN. Rated critical severity (CVS

CVE-2025-59683 CRITICAL
9.1 Dec 25

Improper access control in the Pexip Infinity Secure Scheduler for Exchange service, when configured with deprecated Off

CVE-2022-27933 HIGH
8.2 Jul 17

Pexip Infinity before 27.3 allows remote attackers to trigger a software abort via One Touch Join. Rated high severity (

CVE-2022-26656 HIGH
8.2 Jul 17

Pexip Infinity before 27.3 allows remote attackers to trigger a software abort, and possibly enumerate usernames, via On

CVE-2025-30080 HIGH
7.5 Apr 02

Signalling in Pexip Infinity 29 through 36.2 before 37.0 has improper input validation that allows remote attackers to t

CVE-2024-37917 HIGH
7.5 Apr 02

Pexip Infinity before 35.0 has improper input validation that allows remote attackers to trigger a denial of service (so

CVE-2025-66379 HIGH
7.5 Dec 25

Remote unauthenticated attackers can trigger a software abort (denial of service) in Pexip Infinity media implementation

CVE-2025-66378 HIGH
7.5 Dec 25

Unauthenticated remote attackers can forcibly disconnect RTMP streams that traverse a Proxy Node in Pexip Infinity 38.0

CVE-2025-48704 HIGH
7.5 Dec 25

Unauthenticated network attackers can crash Pexip Infinity 35.0 through 37.2 by sending crafted input to its signalling

CVE-2025-32096 HIGH
7.5 Dec 25

Denial of service in Pexip Infinity 33.0 through 37.0 can be triggered by unauthenticated remote attackers who send craf

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