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A7000r Firmware CVE-2025-63154

HIGH
Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
2025-11-10 cve@mitre.org
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 7.5 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.47%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the high-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the addEffect parameter of the urldecode function. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-121. TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the addEffect parameter of the urldecode function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request. Affected products include: Totolink A7000R Firmware.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
PoC Detected
Nov 17, 2025 - 18:22 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Nov 10, 2025 - 16:15 nvd
HIGH 7.5

DescriptionCVE.org

TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the addEffect parameter of the urldecode function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 face notable risk from CVE-2025-63154, a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability rated CVSS 7.5. Exploitation could allow attackers to corrupt memory, crash the application, or potentially execute arbitrary code. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Enable ASLR and DEP where available; (2) Implement network segmentation; (3) Monitor for exploitation indicators.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 36% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.5%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

58
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A stack-based buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it was allocated to hold.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:totolink:a7000r_firmware:9.1.0u.6115_b20201022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2022-32993 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Aug 29

TOTOLINK A7000R V4.1cu.4134 was discovered to contain an access control issue via /cgi-bin/ExportSettings.sh. Rated crit

CVE-2024-28639 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 16

Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TOTOLink X5000R V9.1.0u.6118-B20201102 and A7000R V9.1.0u.6115-B20201022, allow remote

CVE-2023-49418 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022has a stack overflow vulnerability via setIpPortFilterRules. Rated critical severi

CVE-2023-49417 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 has a stack overflow vulnerability via setOpModeCfg. Rated critical severity (CVS

CVE-2023-45984 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 16

TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and TOTOLINK A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack over

CVE-2023-36950 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 16

TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and TOTOLINK A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack over

CVE-2023-36947 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 16

TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and TOTOLINK A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack over

CVE-2022-27005 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 15

Totolink routers s X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 were discovered to contain a command

CVE-2022-27004 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 15

Totolink routers s X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 were discovered to contain a command

CVE-2022-27003 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 15

Totolink routers s X5000R V9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 and A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 were discovered to contain a command

CVE-2024-7213 HIGH POC
8.7 Jul 30

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK A7000R 9.1.0u.6268_B20220504. Rated high severi

CVE-2024-7212 HIGH POC
8.7 Jul 30

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK A7000R 9.1.0u.6268_B20220504.cgi. Rated hi

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