What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-4234?

CVE-2025-4234 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.4 (Low). CVSS vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-4234?

During next maintenance window: Apply vendor patches when convenient. Verify log exposure controls are in place.

Microsoft CVE-2025-4234

LOW

Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File (CWE-532)

2025-09-12 psirt@paloaltonetworks.com

Information Disclosure Microsoft Paloalto

2.4

CVSS 4.0 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-532 OWASP Top 10:2025 A09:2025 - Security Logging & Alerting Failures ASVS 5.0 V16 - Security Logging and Error Handling Log data sanitization
Impact	CVSS score of 2.4 (LOW). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, user interaction required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.02%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	Successful exploitation could compromise the low-severity affected system.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).

No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

A problem with the Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR Microsoft 365 Defender Pack can result in exposure of user credentials in application logs. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.4), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affected ProductsAI

See vendor advisory for affected versions.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-532. A problem with the Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR Microsoft 365 Defender Pack can result in exposure of user credentials in application logs. Normally, these application logs are only viewable by local users and are included when generating logs for troubleshooting purposes. This means that these credentials are exposed to recipients of the application logs.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 2.4 LOW

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Attack Requirements

Present

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

Passive

Vulnerable system: Confidentiality

Low

Vulnerable system: Integrity

None

Vulnerable system: Availability

None

Subsequent system: Confidentiality

High

Subsequent system: Integrity

High

Subsequent system: Availability

High

DescriptionCVE.org

A problem with the Palo Alto Networks Cortex XDR Microsoft 365 Defender Pack can result in exposure of user credentials in application logs. Normally, these application logs are only viewable by local users and are included when generating logs for troubleshooting purposes. This means that these credentials are exposed to recipients of the application logs.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-4234 is a low-severity vulnerability involving log exposure (CVSS 2.4). The limited severity suggests constrained impact, typically requiring specific conditions or local access for exploitation. Apply vendor updates when available as part of routine maintenance.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch during routine maintenance. Standard log exposure mitigations apply if patching is delayed.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.0%

Top 95% exploitable

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity LOW

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.0%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +12

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.