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Linux Kernel CVE-2025-38435

MEDIUM
2025-07-25 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY
5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI
5.5 MEDIUM

Local-only bug requiring user-level process execution on specific RISC-V hardware; only availability impacted as corrupted registers crash userspace; confidentiality not confirmed.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE
6.1 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Analysis Generated
Jul 30, 2026 - 08:50 vuln.today
CVE Published
Jul 25, 2025 - 15:15 nvd
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

riscv: vector: Fix context save/restore with xtheadvector

Previously only v0-v7 were correctly saved/restored, and the context of v8-v31 are damanged. Correctly save/restore v8-v31 to avoid breaking userspace.

AnalysisAI

Vector register context corruption in the Linux kernel's RISC-V xtheadvector extension causes registers v8-v31 to be damaged during context save/restore operations, breaking userspace processes that rely on those registers. Affected systems must be running RISC-V hardware with the T-Head (xtheadvector) vendor extension and a Linux kernel prior to the stable tree fix. No public exploit exists and EPSS is extremely low (0.14%, 4th percentile), reflecting both the narrow hardware scope and the local-only attack vector; no active exploitation confirmed.

Technical ContextAI

The vulnerability resides in the Linux kernel's RISC-V architecture code responsible for saving and restoring vector register state during process context switches. The xtheadvector extension is a vendor-specific RISC-V vector implementation from T-Head (Alibaba), found in chips such as the Allwinner D1 and Sophgo SG2042. The affected code path incorrectly handled only v0-v7 during context switch, leaving v8-v31 in an undefined/corrupted state when a preempted task was later resumed. CPE data confirms the affected product is cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel across multiple versions including 6.16 release candidates (rc1 through rc3). No CWE identifier was assigned, but the root cause class is an incomplete or incorrect register state management routine - analogous to CWE-665 (Improper Initialization) or CWE-664 (Improper Control of a Resource Through its Lifetime). The 'Information Disclosure' tag applied by the NVD conflicts with the CVSS C:N metric and the description's focus on availability; while register corruption could theoretically expose stale values from a prior task's v8-v31 state, this is not confirmed by the description.

RemediationAI

The primary fix is to apply the upstream stable tree patches: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4262bd0d9cc704ea1365ac00afc1272400c2cbef and https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd5ceea8d50e9e108a10d1e0d89fa2c9ff442ca2. These commits correct the context save/restore loop to include v8-v31. An exact patched release version is not independently confirmed from the provided data; track the next stable kernel point release (6.15.x or 6.16 final) incorporating these commits. As a compensating control pending a kernel update, operators can disable vector support at boot via the kernel command line parameter 'riscv.vector=off' or equivalent - this prevents v8-v31 corruption but also disables all vector-accelerated workloads (cryptography, multimedia, ML inference), which may have a meaningful performance impact on workloads relying on vectorized operations. There is no network-level mitigation applicable since the attack vector is strictly local.

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Moderate
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Not-Affected

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CVE-2025-38435 vulnerability details – vuln.today

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