What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-25193?

CVE-2025-25193 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-25193?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems running versions and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Vendor patch is available.

Netty CVE-2025-25193

MEDIUM

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400)

2025-02-10 security-advisories@github.com

Windows Denial Of Service Microsoft Red Hat Suse Netty

5.5

CVSS 3.1 · GitHub Advisory

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-400 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2025 - Insecure Design ASVS 5.0 V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource consumption limits MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 5.5 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.10%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A local attacker with access to the system could cause denial of service by exhausting system resources.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.

Alert me

AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

Netty, an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework, has a vulnerability in versions up to and including 4.1.118.Final. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability could allow attackers to cause denial of service by exhausting system resources.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Implement rate limiting, set resource quotas, validate input sizes, use timeouts.

Affected Packages

maven io.netty:netty-common fix: 4.1.118.Final

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in maven

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400), which allows attackers to cause denial of service by exhausting system resources. Netty, an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework, has a vulnerability in versions up to and including 4.1.118.Final. An unsafe reading of environment file could potentially cause a denial of service in Netty. When loaded on an Windows application, Netty attempts to load a file that does not exist. If an attacker creates such a large file, the Netty application crash. A similar issue was previously reported as CVE-2024-47535. This issue was fixed, but the fix was incomplete in that null-bytes were not counted against the input limit. Commit d1fbda62d3a47835d3fb35db8bd42ecc205a5386 contains an updated fix. Affected products include: Netty.

Know when Netty gets its next vulnerability

Watch products and get an email when something new is published
Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

Continue with Google Continue with GitHub

No credit card · 7-day full trial

Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM

AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SUSE MEDIUM

Red Hat 5.5 MEDIUM

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

Patch released

Mar 28, 2026 - 18:25 nvd

Patch available

CVE Published

Feb 10, 2025 - 22:15 nvd

MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

Netty, an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework, has a vulnerability in versions up to and including 4.1.118.Final. An unsafe reading of environment file could potentially cause a denial of service in Netty. When loaded on an Windows application, Netty attempts to load a file that does not exist. If an attacker creates such a large file, the Netty application crash. A similar issue was previously reported as CVE-2024-47535. This issue was fixed, but the fix was incomplete in that null-bytes were not counted against the input limit. Commit d1fbda62d3a47835d3fb35db8bd42ecc205a5386 contains an updated fix.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using versions should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-25193, a resource exhaustion vulnerability rated CVSS 5.5. Service availability could be impacted. A patch is available and should be applied during regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: implement rate limiting and resource quotas.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 73% exploitable

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS Vendor

GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Defer

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +28

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)GitHub Advisory

cpe:2.3:a:netty:netty:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Netty

View all

CVE-2023-44487 HIGH Act Now POC

7.5 Oct 10

Denial of service against HTTP/2 server implementations allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust server resour

CVE-2019-16869 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Sep 26

Netty before 4.1.42.Final mishandles whitespace before the colon in HTTP headers (such as a "Transfer-Encoding : chunked

CVE-2026-56820 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.1 Jul 21

Certificate revocation-check bypass in the Netty network framework's OCSP client (io.netty:netty-handler-ssl-ocsp) affec

CVE-2024-36121 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.1 Jun 04

netty-incubator-codec-ohttp is the OHTTP implementation for netty. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerabilit

CVE-2024-40642 HIGH This Week POC

8.1 Jul 18

The netty incubator codec.bhttp is a java language binary http parser. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerabilit

CVE-2025-24970 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Feb 10

Netty, an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework, has a vulnerability starting in version 4.1.91.Final

CVE-2026-59902 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Aug 17

Memory exhaustion in Netty's SctpMessageCompletionHandler (netty-transport-sctp) allows unauthenticated remote peers to

CVE-2026-55833 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Jul 20

Compression-amplification denial of service in the Netty network framework (versions prior to 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.F

CVE-2026-55831 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Jul 20

Memory-amplification denial of service in the Netty network framework (SPDY/3.1 codec) prior to 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16

CVE-2026-56816 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Jul 21

Memory-exhaustion denial of service in Netty's HTTP/3 codec (Http3FrameCodec) affects all releases prior to 4.2.16.Final

CVE-2026-59903 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Aug 17

Netty's HTTP CORS handler silently rewrites the Vary response header to Vary: Origin in releases before 4.1.137.Final an

CVE-2026-48748 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Jun 12

Denial of service in the Netty HTTP/3 codec (io.netty:netty-codec-http3) prior to version 4.2.15.Final allows remote una

Same weakness CWE-400 – Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

View all

CVE-2021-21341 HIGH POC

7.5

CVE-2022-29885 HIGH POC

7.5

CVE-2026-45498 HIGH POC

7.5

CVE-2016-8610 HIGH

7.5

CVE-2026-28318 HIGH POC

7.5

CVE-2023-38180 HIGH

7.5

CVE-2025-26673 HIGH

7.5

Same technique Denial Of Service

View all

CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-0611 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC

8.8

CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2014-1761 HIGH POC

7.8

CVE-2015-5122 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-0609 HIGH POC

7.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Medium

Product	Status
Container suse/manager/5.0/x86_64/server:5.0.4.7.19.1 Container suse/multi-linux-manager/5.1/x86_64/server:5.1.0.6.40 Image server-image	Affected
SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS	Fixed

References

Advisories & patches

Search Externally

GitHub PoC

Exploit-DB PacketStorm Snyk Rapid7 Nuclei Templates Trickest PoC

Back