What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-25007?

CVE-2025-25007 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.3 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.2%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-25007?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

Exchange Server CVE-2025-25007

MEDIUM

Improper Validation of Syntactic Correctness of Input (CWE-1286)

2025-08-12 secure@microsoft.com

Authentication Bypass Microsoft Exchange Server

5.3

CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-1286 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Hardware access control granularity
Impact	CVSS score of 5.3 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.17%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

Improper validation of syntactic correctness of input in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1286. Improper validation of syntactic correctness of input in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network. Affected products include: Microsoft Exchange Server.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

Low

Availability

None

DescriptionCVE.org

Improper validation of syntactic correctness of input in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-25007 presents moderate security risk rated CVSS 5.3. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Low

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.2%

Top 62% exploitable

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.2%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Human Impact

Low

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +26

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:*:*:*:*:subscription:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:-:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_1:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_10:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_11:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_12:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_13:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_14:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_15:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_16:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_17:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_18:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_19:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_2:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_20:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_21:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_22:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_3:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_4:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:exchange_server:2016:cumulative_update_5:*:*:*:*:*:*

+ 18 more

More in Exchange Server

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9.1 Jul 14

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9.1 Mar 03

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8.8 Nov 10

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Microsoft Exchange Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is re

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7.8 Mar 03

Microsoft Exchange Server allows authenticated attackers to write arbitrary files to the server filesystem, the third co

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Remote code execution in Microsoft Exchange Server 2013, 2016, and 2019 allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitr

CVE-2021-41349 MEDIUM This Month POC

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CVE-2021-26857 HIGH Act Now

7.8 Mar 03

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Same weakness CWE-1286 – Improper Validation of Syntactic Correctness of Input

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CVE-2024-6763 MEDIUM POC

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CVE-2026-87080 CRITICAL

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CVE-2026-83728 HIGH

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CVE-2021-31988 HIGH

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Same technique Authentication Bypass

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CVE-2015-3306 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2023-22515 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2012-4681 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2013-2465 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-3544 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2022-40684 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2025-61882 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2024-0012 CRITICAL POC

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-25007

Search Externally

GitHub PoC

Exploit-DB PacketStorm Snyk Rapid7 Nuclei Templates Trickest PoC

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