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Thunderbird CVE-2025-1937

HIGH
Improper Handling of Overlap Between Protected Memory Ranges (CWE-1260)
2025-03-04 security@mozilla.org
RCE Buffer Overflow Mozilla Thunderbird
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: mozilla
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-1260
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Hardware memory protection
Impact

CVSS score of 7.5 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, high complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.26%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the high-severity affected system.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 135, Thunderbird 135, Firefox ESR 115.20, Firefox ESR 128.7, and Thunderbird 128.7. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1260. Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 135, Thunderbird 135, Firefox ESR 115.20, Firefox ESR 128.7, and Thunderbird 128.7. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 136, Firefox ESR < 115.21, Firefox ESR < 128.8, Thunderbird < 136, and Thunderbird < 128.8. Affected products include: Mozilla Firefox, Mozilla Thunderbird.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

Vendor (mozilla) PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SUSE HIGH
Red Hat 8.8 HIGH

Primary rating from Vendor (mozilla).

CVSS VectorVendor: mozilla

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Patch released
Apr 05, 2026 - 02:30 nvd
Patch available
PoC Detected
Nov 03, 2025 - 21:18 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Mar 04, 2025 - 14:15 nvd
HIGH 7.5

DescriptionCVE.org

Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 135, Thunderbird 135, Firefox ESR 115.20, Firefox ESR 128.7, and Thunderbird 128.7. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 136, Firefox ESR < 115.21, Firefox ESR < 128.8, Thunderbird < 136, and Thunderbird < 128.8.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-1937 presents notable security risk rated CVSS 7.5. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 51% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium
NVD CVE.org EPSS Vendor VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

58
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Remote Code Execution CRITICAL

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Same weakness CWE-1260 – Improper Handling of Overlap Between Protected Memory Ranges

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CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2015-3113 CRITICAL POC
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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: High
Product Status
Container suse/kiosk/firefox-esr:esr Image SLES15-SP3-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP3-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP4-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS Image SLES15-SP6-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES15-SP7-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Affected
Image SLES12-SP5-SAP-Azure-LI-BYOS-Production Image SLES12-SP5-SAP-Azure-VLI-BYOS-Production Affected
SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 Fixed
SUSE Liberty Linux 8 Fixed
SUSE Liberty Linux 9 Fixed

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/03/10/6 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2359 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2452 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2479 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2480 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2481 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2484 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2485 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2486 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2699 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2708 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2899 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2900 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2957 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2958 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2959 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:2960 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3009 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3013 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3036 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/298522 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/298523 ADVISORY https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-14/ ADVISORY https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-15/ ADVISORY https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-16/ ADVISORY https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-17/ ADVISORY https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-18/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:0783/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:0788/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:0849/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:14852/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:14853/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:14861/ REF https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00006.html

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